420 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



the fourth ray of the second dorsal Tlie ventral is placed under the base of the pec- 

 toral an d about under the third spine of the first dorsal. Its first ray is filamentous, reach- 

 ing, when extended, to the anal origin. The pectoral when extended reaches to below the 

 fifteenth ray of the second dorsal, its length (-12 millimeters) equalling the length of the 

 head. 



lladial formula: D. VIII, 123+ ; A. 10+113; P. 15; V. S. Color, silvery; upper i)arts 

 light brown; belly purplish; inside of mouth dark. 



The type specimen. Cat. Xo. 37350, U. S. N. M., 233 millimeters in lengtli, was obtained 

 by the Albatrof;ii from station 2378, ofl" the delta of the Mississix)pi liiver, in 3'jo li' 30" N. 

 lat., 88° 09' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 68 fathoms. 



BATHYGADUS. Gunther. 



Bathygadus, GOnther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ii, 1878, 23; Challenger Eeport, x.vii, 1S87, 151. 



Eadial formula: A genus of il/acr«nV7f{' with large terminal mouth, ])rominent nape, no 

 teeth, lanceolate gill rakers; free, notched branchiostegal membrane; high vertical fins; 

 first dorsal composed largely of branched rays; anal fin set far back. 



Head large, fleshy, without prominent ridges, spiny armature or external depressions; 

 nape elevated, hump-like. Snout broad, obtuse, not produced. ]\Iouth terminal, very 

 large; suborbital ridge very low, not joined to the angle of the preoperculum. The max- 

 illary may be entirely received within a groove under the prefrontal and suborbital bones; 

 its tip narrowed and blade-like; intermaxillaries protractile downwards, .sei)arated ante- 

 riorly, rib-shaped, compressed vertically, very broad and without true teeth; provided pos- 

 teriorly with a short flange, which is received underneath the maxillary. Mandible received 

 within the intermaxillary bones, without true teeth, but with minute asperities, similar to 

 those in the intermaxillaries. Vomer and palatines toothless. 



Barbel sometimes present. No pseudobrauchiie. Gill-rakers numerous, moderate, 

 lanceolate, with minute denticulations along their inner edge. Branchiostegal membrane 

 free from the isthmus, deeply cleft. Branchiostegals 7, very stiff. Gill-opening very wide. 

 Operculum with a blunt, siiine-like prominence at its angle. Ventrals below the pectorals, 

 many-rayed, the anterior rays produced. Dorsal consisting for the most part of branched 

 rays. Scales cycloid, x)lain; lateral line strongly arched over the pectoral. 

 Bathygadus cottoidcs, Giluther, (Challenger Eepoit, xxii, 154:, pi. XLii, fig. A) was taken 



by the Ghalhnger between the Kermadecs and New Zealand in 520 to 700 fothoms. 

 Bathygadus multlfilis, Gunther, {loc. cit., 155, pi. XLil, fig. B) a form near to B. longifilis, 



is known only from south of the Philippine Islands in 500 fathoms. 



BATHYGADUS FAVOSUS, Goode and Bean. (Figure 352.) 



Bathygadita favoaus, Goode and Be^vn, Bull. Mus. Conip. Zool., xii, No. 5,160. 



The body is heavy, stout; its greatest height, at origin of first dorsal (57 millimeters in 

 tyjie specimen), is contained a little more than G times iu the total lengtli. 'J'he profile of 

 the body descends gradually and iu a slight curve from the first dorsal to the snout. 



The scales are small, deciduous, cycloid, without armature, about 135 iu the lateral 

 line, about 10 above and 16 below the lateral line, the latter series counted from the vent. 



The length of the head (65 millimeters) is contained about 5A times in total length. 

 The interorbital area is slightly convex; its greatest width (22 millimeters) equals about 

 one- third of the length of the head. The postorbital part of the head is 25 times as long as 

 the eye, which is nearly round, its diameter equal to one-fifth the length of the head. The 

 snout is broad, oblique, its width at the nostrils (23 millimeters) a little more than the 

 width of interorbital area; its length (17 millimeters) slightly more than one-cpiarter that 

 of the head. The nostrils are close to and iu front of the middle of the eye, the posterior 

 one somewhat the larger. No barbel. 



The teeth in both jaws in villiform bands ; a naked space at the symphysis of the inter- 

 maxillaries. The intermaxillary bauds are more than twice as wide as those on the man- 

 dible. Vomer and iialatiue toothless. The longest gillraker on the anterior arch is slightly 



