12 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



slightly beyond skin. First dorsal much shorter than second ; length of base (without spine) 

 about one-fourth of its distance from the second dorsal. Extremity of vcTitral Atis behind 

 end of the second dorsal. Scales pedunculate, each with three strong ribs, tcrniiiuiting in 

 a point. Uniform brownish black. (Modified from GUnlhvr.) 



CENTROPHORUS,(Muller and Henle), Socage and Capello. 



Centrojinorus, MiJLLEU aiid Hkxle (part). — Gunther (part), Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., viii, 419. 

 C'eiitrophoriis (Tuatrirti'd), Bocage and CArELLO, Proc. Zoijl. Sac, 1804, p. 2(')3 [t,yi)i' Cititrnplioriis qraniOoxiiH 

 (Schii.), M. aiKlH.]. 



Spinacoid sharks, with two dorsal fins, each with a s])ine, which is sometimes hidden 

 under the skin; no anal fin. Trunk elongate, without lateral folds. INIouth wide, but 

 slightly arched; along, deep, straight, oblique groove on each side of the mouth. Teeth 

 of the lower jaw with the point more or less inclined backward or outward. Upper teeth 

 erect, triangular, or narrow lanceolate, with a single cusp. Nomeinbrana nictitaiis. Spira- 

 cles wide, behind the eye. Gill openings narrow. [GUnther.) 



CenlrophoruH has not yet been taken in the western Atlantic, although six species liave 

 been found in the Mediterranean and the neighboring parts of the ocean, viz: 



1. CentriqilKirus i/iaiinloniis (SoHN.), M. aucl H. Mediterranean aud Madeira. 



2. Cenlrophurm liisilunkiin, BocwGE and Capello. Off Portugal. 



3. Ccntrophonis cnpiilaler, Boc.\ge aud Capello. Off Portugal, Madeira. 



4. Centropliorua xquamnsns (Gmelin), M. aud H. OIF Portugal. 



5. CenlroplwritH Diimcrilii, JOHNSON. Madeira. 



6. Centr»pUoru8 calcciis, Lowe. Madeira, off Portugal. 



The French expedition obtained C. sqiiamnlosns in considerable numbers atSetubal, as 

 well as two individuals of C. calveu.s. The Challcnr/er did not obtain a single individual of 

 the genus from the Atlantic, but took two undescribed Ibrms, C. folioceKS, Giintlier, and 

 C. squamnlosHs, GUnther, off Japan, "an additional jjroof," remarks GUnther, "of the 

 extraordinary resemblance of the Japanese and Madeiran marine faunas." 



CENTROPHORUS GRANULOSUS, Mullek aud Hkni.e. (Figures 11.) 



Cevtrophoriis iiranithisus. Muller aud Henle, Plagiost., 89, pi. 33. — Bocage and Capello, P. Z. S., 1868, 

 260; Peix., Plagiost., 25 (iiartiiu).— Capello, Jorn. Acad. Sci. Lisboa, ii, 113 (i)artiui); ('at. Peix. Port., 

 0, 47. — GiiNTiiER, Cat. viii, 420. 



The labial fold does not extend along the margin of the mouth. The distance between 

 the nostrils is rather more than one-third the length of the pra^iral jiortion of the snout. 

 The lower angle of the pectoral is produced into a narrow lobe, longer in adult examples 

 than in immature. The length of the base of the .second dor.sal (without the spine) is two- 

 thirds of that of th(! first (without the .spine); and the length of the first (without the spine) 

 is one-third of tlie distance between the two fins. Extremity of the ventral fins below the 

 second dorsal sjjine. Scales rather smooth in adult examples, without median keel, ribbed 

 in front. Young examples rough. Uniform brown; young examples witli tlie extremities 

 of the fins white. (GUuihcr.) 



This form occurs in the Mediterranean and the neighboring i)arts of the Atlantic. 

 The British Museum has a ftBtus, which lias been provided with a name by Dr. Bleeker 

 {Centrophonts viojucccii.si.s, Act. Soc. Sc. Indo-ISreerl., VIII, .\ml)oyn;i, indies). Dr. Giintlier 

 says that no distinctive characters can be given from a single uude\elopcd examiile which 

 is not in good condition. 



CENTROPHORUS LUSITANICUS, Bocage .-lud Cai'eli.o. 



Cenirophoras Insitaniciix, I'roc. /oiil. Sue.. ISdl, 2t;0, lig. 1.— Bocage and Capkllo. .\|iiiMlMni>iii,is Iiliili. 

 de Portugal, Peixes Plagio.st., l.islion. ISfin. 230.— Gi'NTliKii, (at.. \ ill. ILM.— Capei.i.o (at. I'lix. 

 Port., 1880. Coast of Portugal. 



Very similar to C. granulosKs, but with base of tlic first dorsal tin niiuli longer, etc. 



