DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 175 



b. Eye minute, rudimentary. Dorsal anel anal short (number of sjunos not known) ; ventrals with 

 10 rays. Teeth in single bands in jaws Scopelogadus 



B. Teeth in single, villiform bands in each jaw; palate toothless; scales moderate, exceedingly thin, de- 



ciduous. Mouth wide. Lateral canal distended. Caudal emarginate, with l)asal folds. 

 Ventrals, 5 Malacosarcus 



C. Teeth small, cardiform, in the upper jaw present only in the short premaxillary ; lower jaw pro- 



jecting. 



1. Scales thin ; body short, compressed, scopellform ; ventral rays, 7-8 Poromitra 



III. Scales minute, irregular; teeth irregular, palatines toothless; mouth very wide and oblique. 



Anoplogastrirxe 



A. Scales reduced to minute asperities; teeth villiforra in the jaws, with several somewhat larger in 



the lower jaw Anoplogaster 



B. Scales small, leaf like, pedunculated; teeth villiform, with two pairs of long, fang-like teeth above 



and three below Caclolepis 



EERYX, Cuvier. 



Benjx, CnviER, R?>gne Animal, 1829, ii, 151 (typo, B. decadacttjhts).—CvviEli. & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. 



Poiss. Ill, 226.— GiJNTiiER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., i, 12.— Lowe, Hist. Fishes of Madeira, 48. 



Body obloug, compressed; abdomen trenchant, not carinated. Scales ctenoid, ar- 

 ranged regularly. Head large, angular, with thin bones, and large, but not conspicuous, 

 muciferous cavities. Eye very large; mouth wide, oblique; teeth villiform in jaws, and on 

 vomer and palatines. Branchiostegals, vii-x. Gill openings broad. Preoperculum spine- 

 less. A single dorsal flu, its anterior portion composed of a few inconspicuous spines. 

 Anal spines, IV; ventral rays seven or more. Caudal deeply forked, with an anterior group 

 of spinous rudimentary rays above and below. Air-bladder simple. Pyloric coeca, 20-30. 



Of this genus four species are known in addition to the immature Beryx del2)hmi 

 described by Cuvier and Valenciennes* from a specimen taken out of the stomach of a 

 dolphin in the Western Indian Ocean (lat. 22 S., long. 51 E.), which seems most closely 

 related to B. decadacti/luti. B. lineatus and B. affinis of Giintber belong to the Australian 

 fauna, and are said to occur in water of no very considerable depth. The other forms 

 range to a depth of 400 fathoms or more, but the young of one them at least occurs about 

 Madeira not far below the 100-fathom line. 



BERYX DECADACTYLUS, Cuvier and Valenciennes. 



Beryx decadaciylm, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., lir, p. 222.— Lowe, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lon- 

 don, III, 1.— Webb and Bertiielot, Ichth. des lies Canaries, xiil, 1836, pi. iv.— Guntiier, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., I, 16; Challenger Report, xxii, 33. — Steixdachner. Deukschr. d. k. Akad. d. Wiss. Wien, XLVli, 

 220. 



Beryx borealis, Di'rBEN and Koren, Kon. Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Handl., 1844, p. 33, pi. II.— Collett, Vid. 

 Selsk. Forh., Christiania, 1884, i, pi. i.— Lilljeborg, Sverig. oeh Norg. Fisk., 76. 



Body oblong, considerably compressed, its height greatest at the origin of the dor- 

 sal; contained 2i times in its length, and equal to the length of the head. The upper 

 maxillary bone reaches almost to the middle of the orbit. The eye is very large, its diam- 

 eter about 2.J times in the distance from the tip of the snout to the extremity of the 

 operculum, its upper limb impinging upon the upper profile of the head. The distance of 

 the insertion of the pectoral from the snout is equal to the length of the base of the anal. 

 The insertion of the anal is approximately in the vertical from the tenth to the twelfth 

 dorsal ray, and its middle is slightly behind the ultimate ray of the dorsal. The ventral is 

 inserted under the axil of the pectoral. The scales are sharply ctenoid, with a strong middle 

 keel; the number in the lateral line is 64 to 65, and there are said to be from 34 to 35 in 

 the transverse row, although the pubUshed figures indicate about 18 below the lateral line, 

 and perhaps half the number above. 



Radial formula: D. IV, 16-19; A. IV, 28-29; V. 1-10; P. 14 (?). 



This species was first described by Cuvier fi'om a dried specimen in the Museum at 

 Lisbon, which at the time was supposed to have come from Madeira, but which is more likely 

 to Lave been from the coast of Portugal, since Capello finds it not infrequent in tlie markets 



•Hist. Nat. Poiss. ix, 454 ; R&gne Animal, ill, pi, xiv, Fig. 3. 



