90 DEEP-SEA FISHES OP THE ATLANTFC BASIN. 



RHINOSCOPELUS COCCOI (Cocco), Lutken. (Figure 104.) 



Sooptliis Cmco, Cocco, Giorn. Sci. Litt. Art. Sicilia (No. 77). Palermo, 1829, 143 ("Scoi>olo dt' Cocco") Alcuni 

 Salmouidi del Mare de Messiua (Niiovi Auu. 8ci. Nat.), 1838, 18, PI. ii, Fig. G. — 15on.\parte Fauna Italica, 

 Pesci. fasc. .\xvii, PI. 1840. 



Scopelus Coccoi, Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 1864, 413 ; Challeuger Report, xxxii, Pelagic Fishes, 30.— 

 GiciLloi.i, Elenco, 100. 



Alysia loriaita, Lowe, Proc. ZoJU. Soc, 1839, 87; Trans. ZoiU. Soc. iii, 14. 



Height of body 4i (perbap.s in females) to 5 in total length. Length of head contained 

 rather more than 5 times in length (without caudal). Tail slender, elongate, its least deptli 

 one fourth of the height of the body. The diameter of the eye is contained 4 times in the 

 length of the head. Distance between the posterior margin of the orbit and the preoi)cr- 

 cular edge is two-thirds of the diameter of the eye. Preopercular edge obliquely descending 

 backwards. Snout conical, the upper part projecting beyond the lower, the upper and 

 lower jn-otiles nearly equally curved. The maxillary extends to the angle of the preoper- 

 culum and is scarcely dilated. The dorsal origin is nearer to the end of the snout than to 

 the root of the caudal, and behind the base of the ventral; the last ray of the dorsal is in 

 the vertical from the second or third anal ray. Pectoral extends to the middle of ventral. 



In some specimens each of the scales on the back of the tail has a pearl-colored dot; 

 this is probably a sexual character of the male. The back and the nape are blackish; sides 

 silvery, with gold and silver reflections. The inside of the mouth is blackish, the iris 

 silvery, the pupil transparent. Eadial formula: D. 10-12; A. 20-21; Y. S; 1 | 41 | .'i 



This species, although said to be very rare in the Mediterranean, would ajjpear to be 

 one of the most abundant of the surface forms in the Western Atlantic, for many hundreds 

 of specimens have been obtained by the Alhafros,i at the surface, often from twenty to tifty 

 in a single locality taken with a dip net; sometimes by electric light after dark. 



Specimens of this species were obtained by the Albatross from the following localities: 

 No. 43S17, U. S. N. M., from station 2.381, in 28° 05' N. lat., 87° 56' 14" W. Ion., at a depth of 

 1,330 fathoms ; No. 43814, U. S. N. j\I., at the surface at station 2509, in 3!to 26' N. lat., 68o03' 

 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 1,782 fathoms ; Nos. 43820, 43821, and 43822, U. S. N. M., taken in a 

 towing net on September 19, 1885, in 39° N. lat. 72° W. Ion. (two of the individuals appear 

 to have been nearing the spawning time) ; numerous specimens (No. 38191, U. S. N. M.), in 36° 

 45' N. lat., 740 28' 30" W. Ion.; No. 43813, U. S. N. M., from station 2571, in 40° 09' 30" N. 

 lat., 67° 09' W. Ion., taken at the surface iTi a tow net; No. 43818, IT. S. N. M., from station 

 2573, in 40° 43' 18" N. lat., OO"^ 09' W. Ion., in 1,742 fathoms; No. 43812, U. S. N. M., from 

 station 2506, in 37° 23' N. lat., 68° OS' W. Ion., at a depth of 2.020 fathoms; at the surface 

 from station 2285, in 35° 21' 25" N. lat., 70° 24' 25" W. Ion., at a depth of 13 lathoms; No. 

 43810, IT. S. N. M., at the surface at station 2584, in 39° 05' .30" N. lat., 70° 23' 20" W. 

 Ion., at a depth of 541 fatlioms; No. 43819, U. S. N. M., from station 2522, in 42° 20' N. lat., 

 65-3 07' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 104 fathoms; No. 38171, U. S. N. M., from station 2724, in 

 36° 47' N. lat., 73° 25' W. Ion., at a depth of 1,641 fathoms; No, 43823, U. S. N.M., from 

 station 2727, in .30° .35' N. lat., 74° 03' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 1,239 fathoms; and No. 

 43824, U. S. N. M., from station 2724, in 30° 47' N. lat., 7.3° 25' "\V. Ion., at a depth of 1,041 

 fathoms. The British Museum has it from the Gulf of Guinea and the Congo expeditions. 

 Lowe's Madeira types are at Cambridge in the Museum of the Philosophical Society. 



Additional specimens (No. 43825, IT. S. N. M., No. 4, Gloucester Donations) were taken 

 by the Gloucester tishing vessels on the Fishing Banks, The U. S. frigate Constitution 

 (Dr, W, H. Jones) obtained several fiom lat, 31° 30' N., Ion. 68° 36' W. 



RHINOSCOPELUS ANDREW, LCtken. 

 Scopelus (Ehinoscojielus) Aiidreii; LCtken, Spolia.Atlantica, 245, fig. 3. 



A species closely resembling S. Coccoi, in form, but having a single anterolatei-al photo- 

 phore, placed much as in iS'. Coccoi, and three posterolaterals iu an ol)li<iue]y vertical row, 

 arranged as in Mi/ctophum pimctutum. Pectoral fin long, falcate, passing far beyond the 

 anterolateral photophore and considerably beyond the vertical from the origin of the dorsal. 



