DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 119 



bones being ratlier larger than the others; they are arranged in single series, in the inter- 

 maxillary, mandible, on the palatine and pterygoid bones. Eye large. Pectoral fins well 

 develoi>ed; ventrals small, inserted at a great distance from the pectorals, below or immedi- 

 ately behind or in front of the dorsal fin. Dorsal fin short, on the hind part of the body; 

 adipose fin small; anal elongate, occnpying the end of the tail ; candal emarginate. Gill 

 opening very wide, the onter branchial arch beset with short, spine-like gill rakers; psendo- 

 branchiiie well developed; branchio.stegals, 7. Air bladder none. Pyloric appendages none. 



PARALEPIS COREGONOIDES, Risso. 



I'aralepis coregonoides, RiSSo, Hist. Nat. Europe M<?ridionale, ill, 1827, 472, pi. vii, fig. 15. — CrviER .and 

 Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 510. — Bonaparte, Icon. Faim. Ital., Peso., fasc, xxvii, fig. — GuN- 

 THER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mns., v, 18G4, 418. 



Body elongate, its height contained about 12 times in its length. Head compressed, 

 its length nearly one-fourth of the length of the body. Snout long, conical; cleft of mouth 

 moderate; maxillary rod-like, adherent to intermaxillary. Teeth in a single row in the 

 intermaxillary, a few enlarged anteriorly; also on jialatines and pterygoids. Eye large, its 

 diameter contained 5 times in the length of the head. Ventral fin very short, inserted 

 below the anterior part of the dorsal. Gill openings very large, free from the isthmus; gill 

 rakers very numerous, minute. Color, silvery; slightly bluish upon the back; blackish 

 upon the beUy on account of the transparency of the black peritoneum. Along the lateral 

 line there are some blackish dots. The iris is silvery; the pupil blackish, silvery. 



Radial formula: D. 10; A. 23; P. 13; Y. 9. 



This form is rare in the Mediterranean, but has been found in the waters of Liguria. 

 The Albatross obtained a specimen (No. 378(50, U. S. N. M.) from station 2393, in 28° 43' N, 

 lat., 87° W 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 525 fathoms. 



PARALEPIS SPHYR^NOIDES, Risso. 



ParaUpis sphyrmioides, Risso, Hist. Nat. Europe M^ridionale, ill, 1827, 473, pi. vii, fig. 16. — Cuvier aud 

 Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 510.— GitNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 418. 



The length of the head is two-sevenths or one-fourth of the total, without caudal. 

 Pectoral and ventral fins very short. Dorsal inserted behind ventral origin. 



The brief diagnosis given al)ove was derived by Giinther from a specimen 7J inches 

 long, obtained at Madeira by J. Y. Johnson, Esq. Giinther identifies this doubtfully with 

 the Mediterranean forms described by Eisso and others. The National Museum has spec- 

 imens from Nice (No. 40000). 



PARALEPIS BOREALIS, (Reinhardt), Jordan and Gilbert. (Figure 143.) 



Paralexia horealis, Reinhardt, Naturv. Mathem. Af handl., vii, 115, 125. — Guntiier, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 



418. — Gaimaru, Voy. Scaud., Atlas, Poissons, pi. xvi, B., fig. 1. 

 Arctozeniia horealis, Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1864, 188. 

 Sudis horealis, .Iordan aud Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus., 277. 



A form with snout as long as rest of head, mandible included, its upturned tip fitting 

 into an emargination of upper jaw. Pectoral and ventral fins small, the latter inserted 

 behind the dorsal. Head, 4.^ ; depth, 12. 



Radial formula: B. 7; D. 10. A. 32; P. 11; Y. 9. 



This form was first described from Greenland, and has heou obtained by the Gloucester 

 fishermen from the stomachs of fish on the banks, as well as from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 

 where it was collected by Prof. Whiteaves. 



Four specimens were obtained by the AUmirosn from station 2070, 407 fathoms, in fish 

 stomachs; four from 2077, 488 fothoms. In all of these the teeth had disappeared, lu-ob- 

 ably by the softening of the tissues. 



