DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 261 



The species was knowu from the western Athmtic as early as the time of Cuvier, who 

 had sj)ecimeus sent from Mi(iuelon, Newfoimdland, by M. de la Pilaie. It was, however, 

 originally described from >i'orway by Linna'iis, and seems to have been mentioned by Olaf- 

 sen about Icehmd as early as 1774. Linn;Bus ascribed it also to the Mediterranean, but, as 

 Cuvier has shown, it is very evident that the southern lish which he had in mind was Ser- 

 ranus scriba (compare Si/sterna Naturw, 12th edition, pp. 183 and 18C). It has never been 

 found south of the British (Jhaunel, and the figure by Day was obtained by him from 

 Utrecht or Leyden, but he does not say whether or not it was from Dutch waters. Day 

 gives a number of localities of its capture about the British Isles, but it is rare south of 

 Faroe Islands. 



It occurs on the southwest coast of Spitzbergen (Malmgren, loc. cit.), and on the Norwe- 

 gian coast it is found everywhere from Christiania around to the Varauger Fiord. It also 

 occurs in Greenland, and from Labrador, as a shore; form, as far south as Maine (See Essex 

 Fishes), and in deeper water, as shown in the accompanying list, as far south as 39° 18.' The 

 Norwegian expedition obtained it as deep as 117 fathoms, and American vessels down 

 to 179. 



Specimens of this species have also been found by the steamer Albatross in the follow- 

 ing localities: No. 33370, U. S. N. M., from station li067, in 42° 15' 25" N. lat., 65^ 18' 10" 

 W. Ion., at a depth of 122 fathoms; No. 33r)l)l, D". S. N. M., from station 2088, in 390o9' 15" 

 N. lat., 70O 30' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 113 fathoms; No. 33507, U. S. N. M., from station 

 2090, in 39° 59' 10" N. lat., 70o 11' 10" W. Ion., at a depth of 110 tiithoms ; No. 33389, U. S. N. 

 M., from station 2061, in 42° 10' N. lat., 60° 47' 45" W. Ion., at a depth of 115 fathoms; No. 

 33381, U. S.N. M., from station 2053, in 42° 02' N. lat., (58o 27' W. Ion., at a depth of 105 

 fathoms; No. 33409, U. S. N. M., from station 20G3, in 42° 23' N. lat., 60^ 23' W. Ion., at a 

 depth of 141 fathoms; and from station 2430, in 42^ 58' 30" N. lat., 50° 50' W. Ion., at a 

 depth of 917 fathoms; station 2522, in 42° 20' N. lat., 65° 07' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 104 

 fathoms; station 2560, in 39° 48' 10" N. lat., 71° 18' 40" W.lon., ata depth of 114 fathoms; 

 station 2431, in 43° 00' N. lat., 50° 47' 30" VV. Ion., at a depth of 129 fathoms, and station 2580, 

 in 41° 25' 30" N. lat., 69° 01' W. Ion., at a depth of 83 fathoms. Others (No. 31536, C S. 

 N. M.) were taken by the steamer Fi^h Haich off Cape Cod at a depth of 55 fathoms. The 

 Speedwell also obtained ten specimens (No. 21814, U. S. N. M.) from station 138, iu 42° 33' 

 N. lat., 70° 26' W. Ion,, at a depth of 59 fathoms. 



SEBASTES MARUSrUS VIVIPARUS, (KrOyer). 



Sehastev inrlpariis, KROYER,Natiiiliist. Tidsskr., i, 18t4-'45, 275. — Gaim vrd, Voy. Soaud., Poissous, vi. — Gill, 

 Proc. Acail. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 333.— GPnther, Cat. Fish, Brit. Mus., ii, 90; Challingcr Report, 

 XXII, 18. — Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 1, 1868, 312.— Goode and Bean, Bull. Esses Inst., xi, 

 1879, 14.— Strom, Norsk. Vid. Sclsk. Skrift. 1881, 73; 18^, 16.— Lilljeborg, Sveriges Fisk., 101.— Jordan 

 and Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus. 632. 



This form is recognized by certain Scandinavian zoologists and by Giinther iu his later 

 writings as a distinct species. No very salient characters have been pointed out, save that 

 it is smaller, has a higher body, and longer head, a narrower interorbital space, longer 

 pectoral and ventral fins, and an additional soft ray in dorsal and anal. Jordan describes 

 its general color as brownish red, somewhat mottled, with a blackish blotch on the opercle, 

 and some other brownish spots on the body, as if he had identified this form from American 

 waters. All those we have seen are more like the S. vivipanis type. Giinther says that it is 

 found ill Scandinavian waters at a depth of 300 fathoms. It is generally understood to be 

 more littoral in its habits than <S'. marinus. 



SEBASTOLOBUS, Gill. 



Sehastololus, Gill, Report, Smithsonian Institution, 1880 (1881), 375. 



Scorpfenids with vertebrae as in the typical species of Sebastes and characterized 

 by the i)ectorals having a wide base, produced backwards near the upper margin, and not 

 medially, while the lower rays are thickened and extend much beyond the rays next above 



