DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIK DISTRIBUTION. 353 



I. Thioo, (lorsiils unil two anal fins — Continued. 



2. Lower jaw longest. Barbel absent or rudimentary. 



a. Veut in vertical from space between first and second dorsal. 



Teeth of njiper jaw equal Pollachius 



Outer row of teeth in upper jaw largest Boreogadus 



b. Veut iu ailvauce of vertical from origin of first dorsal. 



First anal very long. Second dorsal small Micromesistius 



II. Dorsal fins two, anal one. 



A. Veiitrals narrow, filamentous, bi- or tri-radiate. I'hycinn- 



1. First dorsal with 8-10 rays Phycis 



2. First dorsal of 5 rays L.EMONEMA 



B. Vcutrals broad, with 5-8 rays. 



1. Anal fin entire. Mouth terminal Lotincc 



a. Vomer with teeth ; palatines toothless. A barbel. 

 All teeth villiform. 



Head not compressed. Vcutrals narrow [Lota.] 



Head somewhat compressed. Veutrals broad [Salilota] 



Vomer and mandibles witli enlarged teeth MoLV a 



6. Vomer and palatines toothless. 



Teeth in jaws villiform, equal. Barbel PiiYsicuLUS 



An outer series of strong curved teeth in each jaw. No barbel Uralkptus 



An outer series of strong teeth in lower jaw. Barbel Lotella 



2. Anal deeply notched or in two parts. Mouth inferior or subinferior ilorinw 



a. Anal in two parts. 



Teeth cardiform, iu band in upper jaw Mora 



b. Anal more or less deeply notched. 



Teeth on vomer. Barbel. 



Snout obtuse. Bones of head firm Lepidion 



Snout produced. Bones of head cavernous, with large mueiforous cavities.. Antimoka 



No teeth on vomer. No barbel. Anal iu two connected divisions. 



Snout obtusely conical. Mouth wide, nearly terminal IIalargyreus 



C. Ventral rays 5 or more, elongate, exserted. 



1. Ventral rays 5, very elongate, the three median ones with lanceolate tips. 



a. A larger abdominal cone ERETMOPnoRCS 



2. Ventral rays 7, some of them slightly prolonged and with rounded heads. 



b. No abdominal cone Hypsiruynciius 



III. Second dorsal and anal continuous with caudal. No barbel Melanoninw 



A. No teeth on vomer and palatines. 



1. Jaws with bands of small teeth, with an outer row of larger oues Stkinsia 



B. Teeth on vomer and palatines in narrow strips. 



1. Jaws with teeth in villiform bands. 



a. Tail long and tapering Mel.vnoxus 



IV. First dorsal composed of a single ray and a band of fringes. Second dorsal and anal distinct Oninm 



A. Barbels three. 



1. Snout without cirrus Onos 



B. Barbels four. 



1. Snout with cirrus Rhinonemus 



V. Dorsal and aunal Jins single. 



A. Veutrals well developed Brosmiinw 



1. Teeth on vomer aud palatines. 



a. Teeth in upper jaw in narrow band. A barbel Brosmius 



2. No teeth on vomer and palatines. 



a. Teeth in jaws biserial. No barbel Brosmiculus 



GAD US, Artedi. 



Gadits, Artedi, Genera Piscium, 1788, xi.x.— Linnjeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 1758, 252.— Bonaparte, Fauna Italic.a, 

 fasc. 23, 1838. 



Gadoid fishes with 3 dorsal and two anal fins, tho anterior dorsal being but sliglitly 

 elevated. Head large, oblong, conic, and pointed; the snout at least twice as long as tho 

 eye, the maxillary reaching past the front Hue of the eye. Mouth large. Barbel well de- 

 veloped. Veutrals normal. Lateral line pale. 

 19868— No. 2 23 



