^'i MOSSES AND FERNS 



which is necessarily out of reach of the many botanical workers 

 who have not access to the great libraries. 



Various papers, published by the author from time to time, 

 have served as the basis of the work, and these have been 

 supplemented by a somewhat extended series of observations 

 upon representatives of most of the groups of the Archegoniates, 

 the results of which are now published for the first time. It 

 is hoped that the result is a fairly comprehensive statement of 

 our present knowledge of the comparative morphology of the 

 Muscinese and Pteridophyta. 



Except where otherwise stated, the drawings were made by 

 the author from his own preparations, and the majority were 

 prepared expressly for this work. 



In view of the extremely unsettled state of botanical 

 nomenclature at the present time, it was thought best to adopt 

 a somewhat conservative attitude, and for the most part the 

 names employed in the text are those which have long been 

 familiar to the botanical student. Various departures from the 

 generally accepted arrangement of the orders and families have 

 been made, the reasons for which are set forth at sufficient 

 length in the text. 



The author wishes to express his thanks to the many 

 botanists both at home and abroad to whom he is indebted for 

 assistance, both in the form of materials and information, with- 

 out which the work would have been impossible. Especial 

 thanks are due Professor W. Carruthers, through whose courtesy 

 the great botanical collections and libraries of the British 

 Museum at South Kensington were placed at his disposal. 

 He is also under great obligation to Professor F. O. Bower for 

 the advance sheets of recent important papers, which made it 

 possible to complete the latter chapters much more satisfactorily 

 than otherwise could have been done. 



DOUGLAS HOUGHTON CAMPBELL. 



Stanford University, California, 

 March 1895. 



