beede: upper permian red beds. 119 



mosaurus fossatus , Empedias (Empedodes) alatus, Embnlophorus 

 fritillus, Threopleura retroversa, T. uniformis, T. triangulata, 

 Eryops megacephalus, Eryops {Parioxys) ferricolus, Cricotushet- 

 eroclitus, Zatrachys serratus, TrimerorJiachis insignis, Rhachito- 

 mus valens, Ctenodus periprion, C. porrectus, C. dialophus. 

 Based on these fossils, he states the following " thesis," among 

 others : "The horizon of the Clepsydrops shales of Illinois and 

 the corresponding beds in Texas is Permian." Under the 

 title ''Second Contribution to the History of the Vertebrata 

 of the Permian Formation of Texas," he adds the following 

 species i^" Theopleura obtusidens, Naosaurus (Dimetrodon) cruci- 

 ger (described in Amer. Nat., 1878), Diadedes phaseolinus, 

 Empedodes molaris (ibid.), Helodedes paridens, Parabatrachus 

 {Edosteorachis) nitidus. In 1883 he published his third con- 

 tribution," adding the following species without discussion : 

 Edaphosaurus pogonias, Pariotichus [Edocynodon) aguti, Diplo- 

 caulus magnicornis , Achdoma cumminsi, Anisodexis iynbricarius . 

 In the same volume, on page 628, he publishes his fourth 

 contribution, adding the following species, which he consid- 

 ers as Permian, adding them without discussion of their age : 

 Parabatrachus (Edosteorachus) ciceronius, Gnathorhiza serrata, 

 TrimerorJiachis bilobatus, Isodedes {Pariotichus) megalops, Chi- 

 lonyx rapidens, Empedias (Empidens) fissus, Diadedes {Empi- 

 dens) phaseolinus. In the fifth contribution he adds "and 

 Indian Territory" to the title. His additions are :^- Cernto- 

 du< favosus, Cricotus crassidicus, C. hypantricus, Clepsydrops 

 leptocephalus , C. macrospondylus, Naosaurus {Edaphosaurus) mi- 

 crodus, Diacranodus {Didymodus) texensis {=D. compressus?) , 

 D. (D.) platypternus , Embolophorus dollovianus. In 1892 he 

 remarks that the Dockum beds are Triassic, basing his con- 

 clusions on fossils secured from them.^^ In various other 

 places he refers to the lower beds where the fossils were ob- 

 tained as Permian, the Dockum beds being above the uncon- 

 formity at the top of the Permian beds. In other papers 

 Cope adds the following species to his list from the Texan 

 Permian : Pariotichus isolomus, Pantylus cordatus, P. coicodus^ 



10. Ibid., XIX, pp. 35-38, 1880. 



11. Ibid., XX, p. 447. 



12. Ibid., XXII, pp. 28-47, 1885. 



13. Ibid., XXX, pp. 123-131. 



