MOSSES. 75 



mosses (Eucalypteae). They have oblong urns, beaked lids, 

 and the veil is so lame as to cover the whole urn like an 

 extinguisher, hence the name. 



Upon walls about Eichmond we found the Common 

 Extinguisher moss (E. Vulgaris) its branches were clus- 

 tered, its urn lance-shaped, and the veil whole at the 

 lower edge. The leaves were spreading and oblong. 



The Fringed species was growing on walls on the road 

 to the race-course, it has its name from the fringed mar- 

 gin of its veil (C. ciliaris). 



Both these species have a fringe at the mouth of the 

 urn, though that of the former soon vanishes. 



The Sharp Extinguisher-moss (E. commutata) has no 

 fringe ; and the Rib and Spiral fruited ones (E. rhabdo- 

 carpa and streptocarpa) have double fringes. 



Between the extinguisher mosses and the oriraniias there 

 is a group of Alpine mosses, called Hedwigias, after a 

 botanist of that name, or, in English, Beardless mosses, 

 their urns being destitute of fringe. 



The Hoary species (H. ciliata, Plate V., fig. 12) I found 

 above Callander, and afterwards anions; the Pentland Hills, 

 it was growing on rocks, in large loose patches. The 

 foliage was of a dark dull green and beset with hairy 

 points, which gave it a hoary appearance. The urn was 

 pale brown, and seated on the stem, and the mouth was 

 very open, because the fruit was long past perfection. 



The green Beardless moss (H. imberbe) is sometimes 

 found growing with this, but is much more rare. 



The large group of grimmias succeed these. They are 

 tufted mosses growing on rocks, erect when little, pros- 

 trate when attaining any length. The lid is convex and 



