72 MOSSES. 



and spreading leaves, broader than in the last-mentioned 

 species. 



The Rigid-leaved Hair-mouthed Moss has erect leaves 

 and longer fringe (T. rigidulum) ; and the Curly-leaved 

 species grows near the sea. The glaucous one is peculiar 

 to mountains. 



Rambling along the road up Swaledale, we found 

 various Mosses growing upon the curious bridge opposite 

 to Gunnerside. Some of these had long, narrow urns 

 growing on erect fruit-stalks, and upon examining 

 them with the lens, we found that the teeth of the 

 fringe were long and slender, and twisted round the 

 pillar in the centre of the urn ; the lid was long and 

 beaked. These being the characteristics of the Screw- 

 moss family (Tortula), we set ourselves to determine 

 the species. One had oval leaves, with long hair like 

 points, the plants grew thickly together, forming a little 

 cushion, and the abundant hairy points gave it a downy 

 appearance ; the leaves seemed to have a thickened 

 border, but this was only with the edges being turned 

 back. This was the Wall Screw Moss (T. muralis, Plate 

 VI, fig. 5), common on rocks and walls, throughout the 

 kingdom. 



Another species with pointed leaves, spreading in a 

 starry shape, and of a bright green colour, was rendered 

 remarkable by its very long slightly curved urns. Alto- 

 gether it was a brighter, cleaner looking plant than his 

 brother, it was the Awl-leaved Screw Moss (T. subulata, 

 Plate VI., fig. 6). 



Upon a bank near a quantity of the Fallacious Screw 

 Moss was growing, seeming to enjoy the limestone 



