LICHENS. 195 



cresses ; its clear stream showed every pebble in its bed, 

 and many an algae floating from them. These pebbles 

 were, many of them, stained with black, own sisters to my 

 Kentish friend ; but some bore green stains, on which 

 black receptacles were distinctly visible, and we hailed 

 them as specimens of the submerged Wart lichen (V. 

 submersa). 



Next in order comes the group of internal-fruited 

 lichens (Endocarpon.) They have 

 no raised fruit, only dots in the , ^ Z, _ . . . 

 upper covering of the leaf, these W ^=- vrTV 3 

 dots being the mouth of the 



sunken receptacles. We found 



a member of this family on a | [ @ @ J [£>; 



dripping rock near Richmond, _ 



in Yorkshire. The fronds were 



greyish brown, leathery in tex- , 



o J * ' J 1. SPORE GERMINATING. 



ture and lined with a darker 2. apothecia of ope- 



shade, it was the greyish green 3 do^verrucaria. 

 Endocarpon (E. miniatum, Plate 4 - D0 - 0F urceolaria. 



5. DO. OF PERTUSARIA. 



XI 11., Jig. 10). borne ol our 6. do. gonidium. 



party afterwards found the same 7 - SECTI0X 0F endocarpon 



m ^ WITH APOTHECI.E. 



species on rocks of the same for- 

 mation in the beautiful hills of Cheddar, Somerset- 

 shire. 



This is the largest species in the family ; there is an 

 emerald species, and a dark grey, and an ash-coloured, 

 and many others, growing on rocks or bark in various 

 places, but I sought for them about Hawkhurst in 

 vain. 



Some fine old oaks standing at intervals along the 



