118 ON THE MEDICINAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL 



partly converted into alcohol, while the plant gives out carbonic 

 acid. According to this view, tliereforo, fermentation is the con- 

 sequence of a vital act." Pereira, M, M. It is administered in- 

 ternally, as a tonic and antisej^tic, in typhoid fevers. Dr. Stoker 

 {(»i continued fever ^ 121, Dublin, 1829-30) states that it usually 

 acts as a mild laxative, improves the condition of the alvine 

 evacuations, and is more effectual in removing petecchiai and black 

 tongue than any other remedy. It is admissible where cinchona 

 and wine cannot be given, on account of the inflammatory symp- 

 toms. Dose, two tablespoonfuls every third hour, with an equal 

 quantity of camphor mixture. Yeast poultices are well known as 

 antiseptics. Enemata of yeast and assafoetida are said to be effec- 

 tual against typhoid tympanitis. Pereira, M. M. ii. 58. 



Puccinia graminis, Pers. \ Mildew. S. C. ct 



Uredo frumenti^ Sow. > ubique. II. W. R. 



P. arundinacea^ Johns., Fl. Berw. ) 



Most injurious to corn. 



JJredo carlo, De Cand. 



It attacks the ova of plants and the glumes of the graminje, 

 and prevents their development (Mem, de la Soc. Poy. de Med. 

 178, 364). N. E. Tscharner, Memoir on Rust, in the Mem. de la 

 Soc. Econ. de Berne, 1764, 27 ; Chantrais' Obs. upon mildew and 

 its acid, in Soc. Philom. viii. 86 ; Pes. upon the cause and pro- 

 gress of blight, in Mem. de Mitli. et de Phys. iii. 68, from M. ^ 

 De L. Mat. Med. vi. 809. 



TJredo segetum, Pers. \ Smut. On wheat, barley, oats, 



Ustilago " Ditm. V etc. S. C. et ubique. II. W. 



Petlcidaria " Bidl. ) P. 



Very common and destructive. 



TJredo carles, Dec. Grev., Fl. Edin. \ 



" sitojjMla, Ditm. St. Deutsch. V Bunt. On wheat. 



Cceonia sitojjMlum, Lk. ) 



Very common. 



It is exceedingly fetid when crushed. Iliglily injurious, as 

 the whole sanqole is spoiled by the Ijunty corn. Crypt. Eng. 

 The seeds, if planted, will reproduce it. It is not injurious to the 

 healthof man ; as M. Cordicr to<»k, one day, one drachm in a glass 

 of water, and, the day after, three drachms, without experiencing 

 any injurious cflect (Journ. Gen. de Med. Ixxxvi. 98). M. ct De 

 L., Diet, de M. Med. vi. 809. 



