L 
ECHINUS WALLISI. 39 
Echinus norvegicus Dub. o. Kor. 
Off Newport, in Lat. 39° to 41° N. Very common iu 1242 fathoms. 
For list of Stations, see Bull. M. C. Z., VIIL, No. 2, p. 77, 1880. 
It seems almost hopeless to attempt to distinguish the species of Echinus 
known as E. clegans, E. norvegicus, E. melo, and E. Flemhu/ii. While the speci- 
mens from the same localities usually vary but little, those of adjoining or 
distant localities vary to such an extent that they generally combine more or 
less the specific features by which we have become accustomed to separate 
the above-named species. 
A large series of E. norvegicus from 1242 fathoms shows but the slightest 
possible variation among the different individuals; yet they all have the anal 
system which thus far has been considered characteristic of E. ckgaiis. 
The largest sjDecimens I have seen of this species were collected by 
the "Porcupine," but they differ in no marked way from the typical E. 
norvegicus. 
f^ * Echinus Wallisi A. An. 
Echinu3 Wallisi A. Ac. Bull. M. C. Z., VIIL, No. 2, p. 77, 1880. 
Atlantic Const of U. S., Lat. .31°-41° N., Long. 65=-74° W. 257-1047 fathoms. 
This species is evidently closely allied to, if not identical with, Echinus 
Alexandri, subsequently described (1882) by Danielssen and Koren. They 
have given a very characteristic and excellent tigure of this species in 
Plates III. and IV., Figs. 7-16, of Nyt. Mag. for Naturvid., XXXVII. For 
their description, see page 294 of the same article. E. Alexandri was dredged 
from a depth of 536 fathoms, Lat. 69° 18' N., Long. 14° 32'.T E. 
This is a large species allied to E. Flemingii and E. eirgans. The test is 
somewhat depressed. It is readily distinguished by the close secondary 
tuberculatioii surrounding the primary tubercles, and by the arrangement 
of the pairs of pores in sets of two. The primary spines are long and 
sharp, like those of E. Flemingii. The anal system is intermediate in size 
between that of E. Flemingii and that of E. elcgans. When alive it was of a 
brilliant dark reddish pink color, the test of a darker shade than the spines ; 
these are darkest at the base and pinkish at the tip. The smallest specimen 
collected measured about half an inch in diameter. A fine large specimen 
of this species, measuring three and a half inches in diameter, was collected. 
It has also been found off Newport by the U. S. Fish Commission. 
