The wall also contains minute quantities of 

 Calcium, Potassium, and Magnesium. 



When growing in a liquid capable of ferment- 

 ation, the Torulfe multiply very rapidly hy budding 

 and abstriction. They require Oxygen for their 

 growth, either free, or diffused through the liquid. 



EEPEODUCTION. 

 Budding and Abstriction. 



Each cell gives rise to a minute protuberance 

 (in some cases more than one) which grows rapidly ; 

 after having attained the size of the parent cell it is 

 separated by a septum of cellulose. This cell 

 becomes detached after having developed a second 

 generation of buds. When the growth is energetic 

 long chains are formed. When the growth is slow, 

 abstriction takes place before the '' bud" has attained 

 its full size. Each cell can thus have an independent 

 life, nnd repeat the process of budding. In rare 

 cases the Saccharomyces multiply by spores or endo- 

 genous free cell formation. The protoplasm divides 

 into four masses, each cf which surrounds itself by 

 a cell wall. These are set free bv the dissolution of 

 the mother cell. Each of these can repeat the same 

 process. The necessary cellulose, protein, and oil are 

 manufactured by the yeast plant out of the nutrient 

 fluid. 



DISTEIBUTION. 

 Saccharomyces are believed to be always present 

 in tlie air, forming a sort of invisible dust. They 



