CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 



THE GLACIAL AND SURFACE GEOLOGY OF THE PACIFIC COAST. 



SECTIOX L 

 Introductory 1-23 



Eeasons for publishing tliis as a separate work, 1. Its connection with the 

 Tohime on the Auriferous Gravels, 1. Climatic results reached in the study 

 of Califoruian Surface Geology, 1, 2. Similar results obtained in the Cordilleras, 2. 

 Nature of the proposed discussion, 2. • — General considerations as to Geological 

 Results produced by ice, 3-12. Definitions of terms used, 4, 5. Nature of 

 Moraines, G, 7. Ice not of itself an erosive agent, 8. Proofs of this, 8, 9. 

 Striation considered, 9, 10. Striated Surfaces, how produced without the aid of 

 Ice, 10. Bodies Jtfoufoiniees, and imitations of, 10. The Ground ^Moraine, 11. 

 Geological Agencj'of Icebergs, 11, 12 ; of the Ice-foot, 11. — The Origin of Lakes, 

 12-19. Orographic Lakes, 12—16. Lakes of Central Africa, 12 ; Lakes, absence 

 of, in South America, 1.3. Lakes of North America, l-t-lG ; of the Great Basin, 

 16 ; of Canada and Finland, 17, 18. — The Origin of Fiords, 19-23. Erosive 

 work of Water subordinate to action of Orographic Forces, 22, 23. 



SECTIOX IL 



Former Gl.\ciation of the Sierra Nevada, of the Pacific Coast, and of the 



Cordilleras in general 23-100 



Simplicity of the facts of past Glaciation in the Sierra Nevada, 23. Mistakes 

 which have been made in spite of this, 23 ; reasons for these, 24. — Present 

 distribution of Snow and Ice in the Cordilleras, 25-33. No Glaciers in the 

 Sierra Nevada, 25 ; reasons for this, 2.'i, 26. Snow-fall in the Sierra, 26. Dis- 

 tribution of Snow in the Sierra, 27. Snow and Ice on Mount Shasta, 27-30 ; 

 on Mount Hitter, 30; on Hood and Eainier, 30; on Mount Baker, 31; in Brit- 

 ish Columbia, 31, 32 ; on the Great Basin Eanges, 32 ; on the Eocky Moun- 

 tains, 33. — Former Glaciation of the Cordilleras, 33-100; what was known 

 of this at the beginning of tlie Geological Survey of California, 34. General 

 Synopsis of results obtaine<l by the Survey in regard to past Glaciation, 34, 35. — 

 Details of past Glaciation in the Sierra Nevada, 35-62. Absence of Glacial 

 Markings in tlic soutliern part of the State of California, 35. Curious imitations of 



