GLACIATION OF GREENLAND. 303 



nearly to the sea-level, taking at first nearly the same route as that followed 

 by Dalager. They, however, penetrated much farther than he did, reaching 

 in ten davs a group of nunatakker, called after the leader of the expedition, 

 at a distance of about fifty miles from the coast. Here camp was made at an 

 elevation of 4,030 feet, and at the foot of a nunatak, the summit of which 

 was 4,960 feet above the sea-level. After being obliged to remain in camp 

 during a violent snow-storm lasting seven days, they were able to ascend an 

 adjacent peak, from which they had an outlook on to the ice, which extended 

 for an indefinite distance eastward, and rose gradually, its surface being- 

 unbroken by any other projecting summits in that direction.* 



Having thus given a sketch of the principal results of the scientific 

 expeditions sent out to explore the inland ice of Greenland from its west 

 side, it will now be proper to give a brief statement of what is known of 

 the topographical and glacial conditions on the eastern border of that 

 country. 



It has already been mentioned that, owing to a misunderstanding as to 

 the position of the lost colony called the Eastern Settlement (Osterbygd), 

 and hence supposed to be to the east of Cajoe Farewell, numerous exploring 

 expeditions were despatched to that side of Greenland, all of which were 

 unsuccessful. t In reality the east coast is much less accessible and by no 

 means so well known as the western. t The latter is inhabited at intervals up 

 to the parallel 78°; on the eastern side it is not known that there are, or 

 have been in recent yeai's, any inhabitants beyond latitude 65". § 



* Jen.sen's Nunatakker were seen by Dalager, and by him sujiposed to be on the east coast of Greenland. 



t See a7ile, p. 239. 



I Hudson, in 1607, siglited the land on the east coast of Greenland, named it "Hold with Hope," and found 

 its latitude to be 73°. In 1654, a Dutch captain, named Gale Handle, also saw land, and a bay was marked with 

 his name on the old Dutch charts. It still has its place on our maps, and is put in latitude 74° by tlie Second 

 North Gerujau Expedition. j\nother Dutch chart shows land forming part of the east coast, in latitude 77° 10', 

 and called "Land van Edam." This was discovered in 1655. Still farther north, in latitude 78° 20', another 

 part of the coast was sighted in 1670, and marked on the chart as " Land van Lambert." Between this and the 

 farthest point reached by Lieutenant Be.auraont of the Nares Expedition, in latitude 82° 19' and longitude .'il°, 

 there is no definite inform.ation with regard to Greenland. From this point land was visible in the distance 

 trending to the northeast ; but whether the various headlands seen belonged to a gi'oup of islands, or to Greenland 

 pro])er, could not be made o\it. 



§ In 1861, according to Rink, there were supposed to be from SCO to 1000 inhabitants on the east coast, 

 between Cape Farewell and Angmagsalik, the most northern known settlement, believed to be a little north of 

 the jiarallel of 65°. It is thought that this place is not far to the north of the northernmost point reached by 

 Graah on his exploring expedition (1828-31). There are strong reasons for believing that this coast may now 

 be entirely depopulated. At all events, no inhabitants have been met with since the time of Clavering and 

 Sabine's Expedition. 



