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CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM BULLETIN 



January-February, 19^5 



Chicago Natural History Museum 



Founded by Marshall Field, 1893 



Roosevelt Road and Field Drive, Chlcafio 



Telephone: Wabash 9410 



THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES 



Lester Armour Stanley Field 



Sewbll L. Avery Samuel Insull, Jr. 



W. McCoRMicK Blair Charles A. McCulloch 



Leopold E. Block Wiujam H. Mitchell 



boardhan conover george a. rlchardson 



Walter J. Cummings Solomon A. Smith 



Albert B. Dick, Jr. Albert A. Sprague 



Howard W. Fenton Silas H. Strawn 



Joseph N. Field Albert H. Wetten 



Marshall Field John P. Wilson 



OFFICERS 



Stanley Field President 



Albert A. Sprague First Vice-President 



Silas H. Strawn Second Vice-President 



Albert B. Dick Third Vice-President 



♦Clifford C. Gregg Director and Secretary 



Orr Goodson Acting Director and Acting Secretary 



Solomon A. Smith . . . Treasurer and Assistant Secretary 



* On leave in active service as a Colonel in the United 

 States Army. 



THE BULLETIN 



EDITOR 

 Wilfred H. Osgood Curator Emeritus, Zoology 



CONTRIBUTING EDITORS 



Paul S. Martin Chief Curator of Anthropology 



B. E. Dahlgren Chief Curator of Botany 



Henry W. Nichols Chief Curator of Geology 



Karl P. Schmidt Chief Curator of Zoology 



MANAGING EDITOR 

 H. B. HartB Public Relations Counsel 



Members are requested to inform the Museum 

 promptly of changes of address. 



MUSEUM SCIENCE 



The terms pure science and applied science 

 are frequently used to indicate distinctions 

 that can be made for given conditions at a 

 given time, but which do not hold in final 

 analysis. Another name for applied science 

 is utilitarian science, that is, science that 

 can be put to immediate use in the daily 

 life of civilized man. However, someone 

 has said that "all science is utilitarian" and 

 despite the disturbing developments of the 

 machine age and their application to war, 

 it is difficult to demonstrate that this is not 

 a sound conclusion. 



There are many brief definitions of 

 science. One of the best comes not from a 

 scientist, but from a liberal-minded religious 

 leader, Harry Emerson Fosdick, who says 

 that science is "a confidence that truth is 

 discoverable and a faith that it is worth 

 discovering." What is discovered may be 

 immediately practical, it may lie unutilized 

 until further discoveries bring it to applica- 

 tion, or it may even never assume any 

 importance except as an item in a web of 

 knowledge leading onward. Perhaps in- 

 creasing knowledge of certain kinds can be 

 harmful temporarily. Therefore, a proper 

 balance between physical and spiritual 

 values is devoutly to be wished; but it is a 

 poor philosophy which does not admit that 

 man's best destiny lies in a full and accurate 

 understanding of himself and his world. 



In this issue of the Bulletin are two 

 articles on widely different subjects, one 

 botanical and the other anthropological, 



but both pointing to practical applications 

 of spade work in pure science. 



The Chief Curator of Anthropology dis- 

 cusses modern outgrowths of cumulative 

 research in a field which had its beginnings 

 in mere curiosity and one in which the care- 

 ful recording of simple facts has played a 

 large part. Until quite recently anthropolo- 

 gists were to be found mostly in Museums. 

 Their studies were confined to so-called 

 primitive peoples, and much of their effort 

 and resources were devoted to the accumu- 

 lation of data, to the gathering of artifacts, 

 and to direct contacts with their subjects in 

 the course of field work. 



Now, however, anthropology receives 

 much attention from many institutions of 

 higher learning other than museums. Most 

 of our large universities are staffed with 

 anthropologists both as teachers and re- 

 searchers, and in some cases their numbers 

 are sufficient to enable them to specialize in 

 directions which heretofore have been and 

 to a considerable extent still are impractical 

 for the museum anthropologist. In anthro- 

 pology, as in other sciences, the field is now 

 too large to be covered by any one institu- 

 tion. Hence the progress of knowledge is 

 best served by a division of interests in which 

 various institutions contribute along the 

 lines for which they are best fitted. 



It is inevitable that certain fields will be 

 left to the museum scientist for the obvious 

 reason that they cannot be mastered with- 

 out access to the accumulations of concrete 

 material which are only to be found in 

 museums. If the museum scientist neglects 

 these fields they are likely to wither and die 

 and by necessity will have to be revived 

 after a delay which will be costly. There- 

 fore, museum research should be mainly in 

 these fields. How far it can go beyond them 

 must depend upon the resources, the person- 

 nel, and the opportunities presented at each 

 place and time. 



The museum botanist can scarcely engage 

 in the actual cultivation of guayule to in- 

 crease the rubber supply; the zoologist has 

 his relations with pathology, medicine, and 

 surgery, but he does not enter into their 

 practice; the geologist who specializes in 

 meteorites contributes something to astron- 

 omy, but he does not himself become an 

 astronomer; and the anthropologist, whose 

 subject inosculates with psychology and 

 sociology, cannot enter these fields actively 

 except at the risk of curtailing research that 

 is basic to them. 



At least in its research, a natural history 

 museum has its highest responsibility in so- 

 called pure science, leaving the enormous 

 field of applied science to other institutions 

 such as the Museum of Science and Industry, 

 the universities, the special foundations, and 

 the federal agencies. — W.H.O. 



Commander Armour Cited 



From headquarters of the United States 

 Naval Forces in Europe word has been 



received that Commander Lester Armour 

 (a Trustee of the Museum) has been awarded 

 the bronze star medal. The medal was 

 awarded by Admiral Harold R. Stark, 

 commander of naval forces in the European 

 theater, for Commander Armour's work in 

 organizing and directing special military 

 activities before and after D-day. 



THE MUSEUM HONOR ROLL 

 Now in the Nation's Service 



^ 



Army 



George A. Richard- 

 son, Trustee — Lt. 

 Col. 



Clifford C. Gregg, 

 Director — Colonel, 

 G.S.C. 



Dr. John Rinaldo, 

 Associate, South- 

 western Archaeol. 

 —Staff Sgt. 



Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Curator, Geol. — Capt. 



D. Dwight Davis, Curator, Anat. and Osteol. — 

 Corp. 



Bryan Patterson, Curator, Paleontology — Pfc. 



Emmet R. Blake, Asst. Curator, Birds — Special 

 Agent, War Dept. 



Rupert L. Wenzel, Asst. Curator, Insects — Capt. 



Henry S. Dybas, Assistant, Insects^T/5. 



William Beecher, Temp. Asst., Zool. — Pfc. 



Henry Horback, Asst., Geol. — S. Sgt. 



James C. McIntyre, Guard — 2nd Lt. 



Raymond J. Connors, Guard — Pvt. 



Frank J. Dutkovic, Janitor — Pvt. 



Navy 



Lester Armour, Trustee — Comdr. 



Samuel Insvtll, Jr., Trustee — Lieut. Comdr. 



Joseph Nash Field, Trustee — Lieut. 



Colin Campbell Sanborn, Curator, Mammals — 



Lieut. 

 Dr. Alexander Spoehr, Curator, N. Amer. 



Ethnol. — Lieut. 

 LOREN P. Woods, Asst. Curator, Fishes — Ensign 

 John W. Moyer, Taxidermist^Ch. Specialist 



(Bur. Aeronautics) 

 James H. Quinn, Chief Preparator, Paleontol. — 



Metalsmith 2C 

 Patrick T. McEnery, Guard — Master-at-Arms 

 George Jahrand, Guard — Ch. Water Tender 

 Clyde James Nash, Guard — Ch. Gunner 

 Nicholas Repar, Printer — Aviation Machinist's 



Mate IC. 

 Morris Johnson, Carpenter — Carpenter's Mate 



IC. 

 Herbert Nelson, Painter — Painter IC. 

 Elizabeth Best, Guide-Lecturer —  



Lieut, (j.g.), WAVES 

 Marie B. Pabst, Guide-Lecturer— 



Lieut, (j.g.), WAVES 



Marine Corps 



Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. Associate, Birds — Capt. 



Ck>ast Guard 



M. C. Darnall, Jr., Guard — Lieut, (j.g.) 



John McGinnis, Guard — Ch. Boatswain's Mate 



Other Services 



Rudybrd Boulton, Curator, Birds — Staff of 

 Office of Strategic Services 



Bryant Mather, Asst. Curator, Mineralogy^ 

 Civilian Worker, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army 



Llewelyn Williams, Curator of Economic Botany 

  — on special service for U.S. Government 



Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Asst. Curator, Herba- 

 rium — field work for Board of Economic Warfare 



Dr. C. Martin Wilbur, Curator, Chinese Archaeol. 

 and Ethnol. — Staff of Office of Strategic Services 



Died in Service: 



Theodore Roosevelt, Trustee — Brig. Gen., U.S.A. 



Served and Honorably Discharged: 



John Syckowski, Guard — Ch. Commissary Stewd., 

 U.S. Navy 



