BIGELOW: EXPLORATIONS OF THE COAST WATERS. 



171 



(10.5°-11°) from top to bottom; and this was probably the case else- 

 where on its shallower and more broken parts, e. g., near Cultivator 

 Shoal, where the tidal currents are proverbially violent. 



The two deep Stations (10218 and 10220, Fig. 5) off the southern 

 face of the Bank are of the usual oceanic type, cooling at a decreasing 

 rate, from the surface down to 500 meters. But while the two were 

 about alike on the surface (20°), the water at 300 meters was 3°-4° 

 cooler off the southeastern part of the Bank (Station 10220) than it 

 was 100 miles further west. 



On Brown's Bank (Station 10228, Fig. 6) the water cooled rapidly 

 from the surface (14°) down to 40 meters (8.5°), below which level, the 

 temperature was practically uniform down to the bottom. And this 



Meter 

 10 



20 

 30 

 40 



50 



60 



70 



80 



90 



"00 



110 



120 



Temperature, Centigrade 



r 2 3 4 5° 6 7 8 9 10' 11 12 13 14 15' 



Fig. 6. Temperature sections on Brown's Bank (Station 10228), in the Northern 

 Channel (Station 10229) and at the shallow Stations and Banks off southern Nova 

 Scotia (Stations 10230, 10231, 10234, 10236, 10240), July-August 1914. 



same type of curve is characteristic of the shoals south of Nova Scotia, 

 e. g., Le Have and Emerald Banks, and of a narrow zone near its south- 

 eastern coast, though the water there was much colder, the tempera- 

 ture being only 1.7° at 20-50 meters off Shelburne (Station 10231) 

 and the bottom water, in 75-85 meters off Halifax (Stations 10236, 

 10237, Fig. 6) even colder (.76°-l.l°). The Nova Scotian Banks 

 (Stations 10234, 10240, Fig. 6) were likewise colder than Brown's 

 Bank. 



The temperatures in the basins south of Nova Scotia are especially 

 instructive. At every station on this part of the shelf where the water 

 was more than 100 meters deep, the temperature was lowest in the 

 mid-depths, with warmer water below (Fig. 7). In the deep off Hali- 



