32 CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 



1780. 



Under Fabkicius 



Echinus Appears previously. 



saxatilisl? uon Rumph, nee Lin. nee Mull. = Echinus Drbbachiensis Mull. 1 77C 



a combination which appears before, but represents a different species identical with a species 

 previously described by Muller in 1776. 



1837. 



Desmoulixs 



Echinolampas Appears previously. 



Richardi (Desml.) non Desmt. = Echinolampas Hellei, Val. 18G9 



shows that the Richardi of Desmoulins is a new species which has subsequently received the name 

 of Hellei in Perrier, Fedicellaires. 



Genera are treated in the same way, but, owing to their variable limits, no attempt has been 

 made to show which are the synonymes, and a generic name when it first appears is always 

 printed in the heavy type, as Scutella. 1810, Lamarck 



When a generic section is proposed, which may or may not be valid, but of which the name is 

 preoccupied, it is denoted in the following way : — 



1869. 



A. Acassiz, Bull. M. C. Z. 



Lissonotus (A. Ag.) non Schon. 1817. 



If it is strictly a synonyme within the same limits of a well-defined older genus, it is denoted as 

 follows : — 



1862. 



Duj. Hupe, Fidiin 



Poli/aster non Gray, 1840. 



the synonymy of the species giving all the necessary information. 



To show that a species known previously appears again in a new genus, the following notation is 

 adopted, if referred to a new genus : — 



Clypeaster which appears for the first time under Lamarck in 1801. 



rosaceusl as an old species in a new genus. Figures afterwards in Gray, 1825, as 



Echinanthus 



rosaceusl meaning that Gray transferred rosacens to a genus already established 



previous to his time, while a new species of Gray, of the genus Echinanthus, already established, 

 is denoted thus : — 



Echinanthus 



testudinarius ! 

 the (!) notation showing at once which types I have personally examined. 



