EXTINCT TYPE OF DOG. 5 



tiou with the humerus, it is remarkable for its length, which is to the hume- 

 rus as 110 to 100. The same proportion in the fox is as 66 to 100; in the 

 coyote as 74 to 100; in the wolf as 76 to 100; in the bull terrier and New- 

 foundland dog as respectively 80 to 100. The relative length of the scap- 

 ula, compared to the humerus, is thus 30 per cent, greater than in one of 

 the most thickly-set races of domestic dog (bull terrier), 35 per cent, greater 

 than in the coyote and wolf, and 44 per cent, greater than in the fox. This 

 proportion between scapula and humerus results not so much, however, fi'om 

 the lengthening of the scapula as fi'om the excessive shortening of the 

 humerus, which, like the femur and tibia, is very short and thick. 



Measurements of the Scapula'.*' 



Extreme length 



Greatest breadth 



Antero-posterior diameter of glenoid cavity 

 Transver.se diameter of glenoid cavity . . . 

 Greatest height of spine 



C a; 



95 

 5R 

 21 

 i:;i 

 17 



74 

 44 

 14 

 9 

 10 



3 



100 

 51 

 22 

 14 

 17 



o 

 >. 



o 

 O 



110 

 61 

 23 

 16 

 19 



169 

 86 

 34 

 22 



-1. M; 



168 

 84 

 34 

 23 

 26 



* The measurements given in these tables are in millimetres. 



Humerus (pi. II, figs. 1 — 6). — The humerus diifers from this bone in the 

 ordinary Canids in its much greater thickness in proportion to its length, 

 in its stronger curvature, and in the supracondylar fossa being imperforate, 

 the usual broad foramen at this point being solidly closed by a heavy plate 

 of bone. All of the ridges and tuberosities are strongly developed ; the 

 front border of the head forms a heavy overhanging ridge, and the deltoid 

 ridge terminates in a broad, strongly projecting process (pi. II, figs. 2 — 3). 

 The absence of the supracondylar foramen, so characteristic of the family 

 Canicke, is especially noteworthy ; but its value as a distinctive feature in 

 the present species is lessened by the fact that it is sometimes partly, and 

 in rare instances Avholly, closed in old age in the domestic dog. It should 

 be noted, however, that it is similarly absent in Amjthici/on. 



The following table of measurements of the humerus shows the relative 

 dimensions of this bone not only in the present species, but in the fox, 

 coyote, wolf, and in two widely different races of dogs. In respect to 



