490 THE DIVING BIRDS — PYGOPODES. 



2. C. grylle. Greater wing-coverts witli at least their basal half black, this often showing 



as u narrow bar beyond tips of anterior row of coverts. About the same dimensions as 

 Mandtii, hut bill larger and stouter. Culnien, 1.20-1.30; gonys, .55-.G0 ; depth of bill 

 through middle of nostril, .40-45. Hub. Coasts of Northern Europe, south to Denmark 

 and northern jtarts of British Islands ; coast of Newfoundland (I); Eastport, Me. ; south 

 in winter to Philadidphia. 

 b. Lining of wing smoky gray. 



3. C. columba. Greater wing-coverts black basally, this increasing in extent toward edge 



of wing, wliere occupying almost the whole of the outermost feather, thus producing a 

 broad black " wedge " Vtetween the two white areas. Wing, about 7.00 inches ; culmen, 

 1.20 ; gonys, . ; depth of bill, . ; tai'sus, 1.25 ; middle toe, with claw, 1.90. JIab. 

 Pacific coast of North America, from California to the Aleutian Islands, and across to 

 Kamtschatka and Northern Japan. 

 B. No white on outer surface of wing. 



4. C. carbo. A whitish patch surrounding tlie eye. Wing, about 7.75 inches ; culmen, 



1.55-1.70 ; gonys, .75-80 ; depth of liill through nostril, .50 ; tarsus, about, 1.3(j ; mid- 

 dle toe, with claw, 2.10. Hab. Coasts of Northeastern Asia, from Northern Japan and 

 Kurih's to the Okotsk Sea; Behring Island, Kamtschatka, accidentaU (STEJNEciER); 

 Unalashka ?; (Pallas). 



5. C. Motzfeldi. No white on side of head. Culmen, 1 inch 9 lines ; commissure, 2 inches 



3 lines ; bill iVom nostril, 1 inch ; tarsus, 1 inch 6 lines. JJub. High North Atlantic 

 (west side of Cumberland Gulf, Greenland, and Iceland). 



Cepphus Mandtii. 



MANDT'S GUILLEMOT. 



Cobjinhus gri/Uc, Phipps, Voy. N. P. 1774, 186 (not of Lixx.). 



UricKirijUe, C.vss. in P.aird's P>. N. Am. 1858, 911 ; Phil. Acad. 18G2, 323. — P>aird, Cat. N. Am. 



15. 1859, no. 726. — Nelso.v, Cruise Corwin, 1883, 117. — Coi;r,s, Key, 1872, 345 (part) ; Cheek 



bist, 1873, no. 631 ; 2d ed. 1832, no. 871. — RiOGW. Nom. N. Am. 1!. 1881, no. 760. 

 Ccppkiis gr-i/l/e, Newton, P. Z. S. 1864, 495. 

 flryllc scapularis, Leach, Rcss's Voy. N. W. Pass. App. 1819, p. li, in Thorns. Ann. Pliilos. XIII. 



1819, 60 (part). 

 Uria scapularis, Stepu. Gen. Zool. XII. 1824, 250, pi. 64. 

 Uria Mandlii, LicuT. in Mandt's Obs. Itin. Dissert. 1822, 30; Verz. Doubl. 1823, 88. — F.\ber, 



Isis, 1824, 980. —Keys. & Bl.\s. Wirb. Eur. I. 1840, p. xcii. — Naum. Nat. Deut.seh. XII. 



1844, 462. 

 Cepphus Mandtii, Newto.v, Ibis, 1865, p. 517. — Ste.jx. Tr. U. S. Nat. Mas. 1884. 

 (Iria ijnjllc M(ind/ii, Sciii.Ec. Rev. Grit. 1844, p. cvii. 

 Uria (jiacialis, Brkum, Lehrb. Vtig. Eur. 1824, 924, 1008. 

 Uri(t Meisneri, IjREU.m, t. c. 1006. 

 Uria gnjJle, var. glacialis, SuxDEV. Voy. Scand. Atl. 1847, Livr. IV. pl. 



Hah. Circumpolar Regions ; on the western coasts of the Atlantic, breeding south to Pludson's 

 Bay and coast of Labrador, and in winter migrating as far as the coast of New Jersey ; in Western 

 Arctic America passing through Behring's Straits in winter as far as Norton Sound. 



Sp. Char. Adult, in summer: Uniform black (more sooty below), showing a faint gloss of 

 "invisible" green in certain lights. Wings with a large uid)roken patch of white, including the 

 greater, nuddle, and posterior les.ser coverts, these feathers all vihite to the base. A.xillars, entire 

 lining of the wing, and basal half (or more) of inner webs of the primaries, unbroken pure white. 

 Bill dei'p black ; interior of mouth, with legs and feet, deep vermilion-red ; claws black ; iris dark 

 brown. Winter i^hf-niage : Wings and tail as in the sunnner plumage; rest of the jilumage pure 

 white, the pileum, back, scapulars, and upper part of lunip varied with black, tlie whole of the 

 concealed, and part of the expo.sed, portion of the feathers being of the latter color. Feet dull red. 

 Vuung, first jdumcuje: Similar to the winter plumage, but white wing-patch broken by blackish 

 tips to all the feathers (their bases still white, however), the secondaries and primary coverts with 



