352 BULLETIN : MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



that anal teeth or at least calcareous anal papillae are present, whereas in P. peru- 

 vianas there is no trace of them. In view of the individual diversity shown by 

 holothurians in the amount of calcification of the papillae near the anus, I do not 

 think this objection outweighs Troschel's own opinion that his species was iden- 

 tical with Lesson's, and the fact that his having many specimens indicates that 

 the species was the common holothurian of Peru. As regards chilensis, Ludwig 

 maintains the separation of Semper's species from Selenka's on the strength of 

 differences in color, calcareous ring, stone-canals and polian vessels. The exami- 

 nation of the specimens in the Coker collection has satisfied me that these differ- 

 ences are not specific, red individuals showing the characters (in their internal 

 anatomy) which ought to go with green color and vice versa. Ludwig states that 

 Plate regarded these supposed species as varieties which he designated as " die 

 rothe" and "die grime"; he found both forms under rocks at Iquique and Ca- 

 vancha near Iquique. The largest specimen was 200 mm. long, 60 mm. thick. 

 Coker found this species at La Punta, Callao, and north of there at the Pescadores 

 Islands, Ancon, and in the Bay of Ferrol, near Chimbote. The known range is 

 from Payta, Peru, to Talcahuauo, Chile. Of the specimens iu the Coker collec- 

 tion, those from La Punta are olive-green, those from Pescadores Island reddish 

 purple, one from Bay of Ferrol bright purplish red, and those from " beach drift" 

 at Ancon dull black. They show equal diversity in the structure of the calcareous 

 ring, but the differences do not correlate with either color or locality. It seems 

 to me, therefore, that we have in Phyllophorus peruvianus a well-characterized 

 but somewhat variable species, the diverse forms and peculiarities of which offer a 

 most interesting field of investigation to any one so situated that fresh material, 

 especially of growth stages, is available. 



Cucumaria leonina. 



C. Semper, 1868. Reisen im Arch. d. Phil., 2 Th., 1, 2 heft, p. 53. 



Ludwig (189S a) has given a full synonymy and an interesting account of this 

 species. Although Semper's type was supposed to come from Singapore, Ludwig 

 thinks the locality was probably wrongly noted, as the species has not been found 

 in the East Indian region since. On the contrary, it is a common species around 

 the southern end of South America, extending eastward to the Falkland Islands 

 and northward on the western coast of the continent to the southern part of Peru. 

 It is usually 30-40 mm. long, but is known to reach a length of 70 mm. The 

 color in life is usually rosy n d or clear lake, but may be white tinged with red, 

 and some of those taken by Plate at Calbuco, Chile, are recorded as " im Leben 

 hell gelb." 



Cucumaria godeffroyi. 



C. Semper, 1868. Reisen im Arch. d. Phil., 2 Th., 1, 2 heft, p. 53. 



This species, originally discovered at Iquique, is now known to range south- 

 ward, at least as far as Calbuco, aud will probably be found on the southern 



