n6 DISCOMYCETES [CH. 



PEZIZACEAE: BIBLIOGRAPHY 



1905 GuiLLlERMONn, A. Remarques sur le Karyokinese des Ascomycetes. Ann. Myc. 

 iii, P- 343- 



1905 Maire, R. Recherches cytologiques sur quelques Ascomycetes. Ann. Myc. iii, 

 p. 123. 



1906 Blackman, V. H. and FRASER, H. C. I. On the Sexuality and Development of 

 the Ascocarp in Humaria granulata. Proc. Roy. Soc. B. 77, p. 354. 



1907 Fraser, H. C. I. On the Sexuality and Development of the Ascocarp in Lachnea 

 stercorea. Ann. Bot. xxi, p. 349. 



1908 FRASER, H. C. I. Contributions to the Cytology of Humaria rutilans. Ann. Bot. 

 xxii, p. 35 



1908 Fraser, H. C. I. and Welsford, E. J. Further Contributions to the Cytology of 

 the Ascomycetes. Ann. Bot. xxii, p. 465. 



1909 Fraser, H. C. I. and Brooks, W. E. St J. Further Studies on the Cytology of 

 the Ascus. Ann. Bot. xxiii, p. 537. 



191 1 Brown, W. H. The Development of the Ascocarp in Lachnea scutellata. Bot. Gaz. 



Iii, p. 275. 

 191 1 GuiLLIEKMOND, A. Les Progres de la cytologic des Champignons. Prog. Rei 



Bot. vi, p. 389. 

 1913 Fraser (GWYNNE-VAUGHAN), H. C. I. The Development of the Ascocarp in 



Lachnea cretea. Ann. Bot. xxvii, p. 554. 



Ascobolaceae 



The large majority of the Ascobolaceae are coprophilous ; their ascocarp 

 is soft and fleshy or somewhat gelatinous, and they possess a well-marked 

 sheath which is closed during the early stages of development. They are 

 distinguished from the Pezizaceae by the usually multiseriate arrangement 

 of their spores, and by the fact that, when ripe, the asci stand well up above 

 the hymenium before the spores are discharged. Often the asci are large 

 and few in number ; the spores are brown or violet in Ascobolus, Saccoboltts 

 and Boudiera, hyaline in the other genera ; they are usually ellipsoid, but 

 round in Boudiera and Citbonia ; in Saccobolus they are enclosed in a special 

 membrane within the ascus and are ejected together; and in Thelebolus 

 and Rhyparobus they are sixteen or more in number. 



In most of the species investigated there is a conspicuous multicellular 

 coiled archicarp, the central part of which gives rise 

 to ascogenous hyphae. Some of the species also 

 produce conidia (Ascobolus carbonarius), or chlamy- 

 dospores (Ascobolus furfuraceus (Welsford), Asco- 

 phanus carneus). 



Ascobolus furfuraceus is one of the commonest 

 dung species, the ascocarp is green or brown in 

 ,^J:^4:t^ colour with a characteristic scurfy margin. The 

 after Dodge. archicarp (fig. 75) consists of sometimes as man)- 



