26 KANSAS UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN. 



and look sickly from the attack of the aphids, the latter are 

 acquiring wings and beginning to migrate. This migration, 

 according to mv friend Mr. E. H. Tucker's observation, takes 

 place most conspicuously about twilight, for he says: "In the 

 twilight of the evening I took several winged specimens. The 

 air had floating in it numerous white insects. After capturing 

 some I noticed that it was a cottony secretion which gave them 

 their white appearance and also sustained them or caused them 

 to be wafted along by the wind." According to this statement, 

 the flocculent material acts as a sail by which these insects are 

 carried as well as by the aid of their wings, 



Schizoneura lanigera Hausm. Plate V, fig. 36. 



Head black. Antenm^e dark brown ; length of joints : 1,0.07 

 mm.; II, 0.07 mm.; Ill, 0.469 mm.; IV, 0.109 ram.; V, 

 0.128 mm. ; VI, 0.09 ram., including the unguis ; total length, 

 8.5 mra. The sensoria are transverse, and give the antenme 

 an uneven appearance. There are on the third joint twenty- 

 two, on the fourth joint five, on the fifth joint four, and on the 

 sixth three. The eyes are dark brown, ocular tubercles are 

 not conspicuous, ocelli norraal. The beak is concolorous with 

 the prothorax, and extends to the mesocoxa', being 0.81 mra. 

 long. 



The prothorax is pale brown. The thorax is black on the 

 sclerites and the membrane is pale brown. The wings are not 

 clear. The venation is brown. The stigma is brown and 0.198 

 mm. broad by 0.50 mm. long. Total wing expansion, 9,4 mra. 

 The legs are somewhat hirsute ; femur dusky, approaching 

 black at the distal ends ; tibia and tarsi pale prown. 



The abdomen is dusky brown ; honey-tubes tuberculate, con- 

 colorous, and not very conspicuous ; style is obsolete. 



This form is quite common the whole year (as far as known 

 it affects all cultivated apple trees except Northern Spy and 

 Winter Majetan), but the winged state is rarely met. The 

 winged form was taken on the 27th of October from an old scion 

 apple orchard, in colonies with the wingless forms. The spe- 

 cies is gregarious and may be located by the woolly secretion 

 which grows out from certain glands on their bodies, as shown 

 in figure 7. This is the typical underground and aerial form. 

 It is not only found on the roots of the apple tree, but also on 



