324 KANSAS UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN. 



horseback down a zigzag trail, the members of the party carry- 

 ing by hand all articles of a fragile character. A more delight- 

 ful collecting region could not have been selected. 



"From the second camp, at the base of the highest mountain 

 peak of Arizona, two trips were made to the summit, but with 

 results of an unexpected character. It is a well-known fact 

 that the insect fauna above timber-line in Colorado is of a very 

 different character from that of the region below timber-line. 

 The writer had previously collected insects on Pike's peak, 

 Gray's peak, and Long's peak. Here we found the Parnas.nus 

 butterflies, the White-mountain butterfly (Chionobas semidea), 

 Colias meadii, Syngrapha hochenwarthi and other species not 

 found at the bases of these mountains. But at the summit of 

 Humphrey's peak, in Arizona, 12,800 feet above sea level, no 

 insects were found which did not also occur at the lower alti- 

 tudes. Vanessa californica and Picris occidentalis were common, 

 both at the base and summit, while the common lady-bird 

 Hippodamia lecontei, and the false chinch-bug Nysius californi- 

 cus, were exceedingly abundant, both the latter species occur- 

 ring over the entire region of the plains and mountains west of 

 the Missouri river. The most probable explanation of this 

 notable difference in the high-altitude fauna of Colorado and 

 Arizona appears to be that the glacial ice mass did not extend 

 so far south as the San Francisco mountains, and thus pre- 

 vented the northern species from a more southern extension."* 



At the third camp, where we left the Ash Fork and Phoenix 

 railroad, about three miles from the famous Congress mine, the 

 insect fauna was conspicuously different from that of the moun- 

 tain camps of 1902. Almost every species was new to our ex- 

 perience as collectors. We were impressed with the profusion 

 of insect life in an environment apparently so unfavorable. At 

 the little town of Martinez every drop of water used by the in- 

 habitants for all purposes is brought by rail from Date creek, 

 sixteen miles to the north. The maximum temperature each 

 day did not fall below 104 degrees (F.) and on one day rose 

 to 116 degrees. 



On the 1st day of August, 1903, we proceeded by wagon along 



* This paragraph within quotation marks was read before " Section F," at the fifty-third 

 annual meeting of the .4.merican Association for the Advancement of Science, at St. Louis, 

 December 29, 1903. 



