Jan., 1913. Annual Report of the Director. 219 



a roadway on the top of this bluff is continued to the furnace top by a 

 wooden bridge on which appears a man transporting a load of ore to 

 be fed into the furnace through the open charging doors. At the right 

 of the model the blowing engine appears with the dam and water 

 wheel to drive them. These engines are two wooden tubs one inch in 

 diameter with a third of the same size above for an air reservoir. The 

 iron piston rods are driven by a very primitive type of wooden walking- 

 beam which in turn is operated through a shaft by a gearing upon 

 the circumference of a water wheel. This wheel is a breast wheel 3 

 inches in diameter and 1 inch wade and represents upon the scale of the 

 model, %. inch to the foot, a wheel of about 12 to 15 horse power. The 

 wheel has an iron shaft turning in iron boxes, an iron spider and wooden 

 buckets. The dam and retaining walls are built of limestone and in 

 part of wooden planks, while the mill race is built of wooden plank 

 backed apparently by earth well turfed. At the extreme right of the 

 model a small log cabin is built over the mill race. Around the furnace 

 and blowing engines a stone-pavecLcourt is placed, while the region 

 around the mill race and taiK i rfcO£;,-to J 'aliti from the wheel is a hillside 

 covered with imitative grass, bushes.,&ncl ~'tr%6s. The channels to and 

 from the water wheel contain a liquid resembling water. The water 

 wheel is very carefully balanced and the journals and bearings so care- 

 fully constructed that when the "water" is allowed to run over the 

 dam the wheel can turn and operate the blowing engines. In operat- 

 ing, a concealed pump takes the water from the tail race and delivers 

 it to the upper level so that whenever the pump runs, the water wheel 

 turns and operates the blowing engines. The slight power required 

 for this purpose is, however, not available in the present building. The 

 second model built and put on exhibition represents a Catalian Forge 

 as it was operated at the close of the 18th century. This model is 30 

 inches long and 14 inches high, and is upon a scale of l /2 inch to the 

 foot. It consists of a building, a forge, a hammer and a blowing device. 

 Of the building three stone walls are shown and rather elaborate roof 

 timbers. The forge, but little more elaborate than a blacksmith's fire, 

 occupies a space of 1^4 by 2 inches inside the building and against one 

 wall. The rest of the space inside the walls is nearly filled by a great 

 wooden hammer and its iron-capped stone anvil. The hammer con- 

 sists of a wooden beam pivoted at its center and movable by a lifting 

 and tripping device operated by a water wheel not shown. On the 

 opposite end is a hatchet-shaped iron head. Outside the building is 

 shown a trompe, a water-actuated device for producing a blast of air 

 to force combustion in the forge. As here shown the trompe consists of 

 a device fed by a wooden canal leading water from a brook at a high 



