RAIA FUSCA. 349 



pelvis above the tail. On larger individuals the back is roughened by small 

 stellate spines, more irregular and scattered on the males, larger in the central 

 areas and opposite the eyes, and there is a row of small tubercles on each orbital 

 ridge and a median series of several near the middle of the back which appears 

 more or less complete from the abdominal region to the second dorsal. Tail 

 little shorter than the body, dorsals separated by a space with spines. Readies 

 30 inches in length. Specimen in hand in total length 8j, snout to ventral pores 

 4g, snout to mouth l|, and greatest width 6g inches. 



Brown, nearly uniform; young with a dark rounded enclosure on the base 

 of each pectoral and with scattered small spots of black; lower surfaces brownish, 

 margins yellowish, pores black. 



Off the coasts of the Pacific from California to Alaska. 



Species from Japan to China and India. 



Raia fusca. 



Plate 24, fig. 4-5. 



Raia fusca Garman, 1885, Proe. U. S. nat. mus., 8, p. 42; Jord. & Fowler, 1903, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., 

 26, p. 649; Pietschmann, 1908, Sitzb. Akad. wiss., Wien, 117, p. 645. 



Disk broad and broadly rounded, length nearly two thirds of the greatest- 

 width, anterior margins not indented, forming a wide curve in front, tip of snout 

 a slight prominence, outer and hinder angles and hinder margins broadly convex. 

 Snout moderate, less than twice the interspiracular width. Mouth medium, 

 nearly straight, width less than half the distance from the end of the snout. 

 Teeth flattened, inward edge sharp, in 34 rows. Length of orbits equal in- 

 terorbital width or one third of preorbital length. Tail little longer than the 

 body, produced behind the dorsals in a long point. Dorsals separated by a 

 space with spines. Smooth above and below (very young), with two tubercles 

 in front of and one tubercle behind each eye, a single larger one above the for- 

 ward vertebrae, and a median series (14) behind the pelvis on the tail. No 

 tubercles on the shoulders. 



Chocolate-brown, with a dark ring half as wide as the mouth on the base of 

 each pectoral behind the shoulder; lower surfaces yellowish white, brown below 

 the outer half of each pectoral the edges of the ventrals and the greater part 

 of the tail. 



Total length of specimen described 4§, snout to abdominal pores 2j, and 

 greatest width 3| inches. 



Bay of Yedo, Japan. 



