90 THE PLAGIOSTOMIA. 



Upper surfaces a warm brown, lower lighter, fins darker with blackish ends, 

 inside of mouth and throat dark. 



Description and figure from No. 1107 Mus. Comp. Zool., taken in Lat. 

 34° 59' N., Long., 139° 31E, by Alan Owston. 



Japan. 



Parmaturus xaniurus. 



Plate 9, fig. 1-5. 



Catulus xaniurus Gilbert, 1891, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., 14, p. 540; Jord. & Everm., 1896, Bull. 47, 



U. S. nat. mus., p. 24. 

 Scyliorhinus xaniurus Regan, 1908, Ann. & mag. nat. hist., ser. 8, 1, p. 453. 



Body elongate, tail longer. Head broad, tapering forward; snout narrower, 

 blunt. Nostrils large, width much greater than their distance apart, nearer 

 to the mouth than to the end of the snout, bivalvular; anterior valves short, 

 widely separated on the internarial space, outer angle produced in a narrow lobe, 

 without cirri; posterior valves very short, separated from the anterior by some 

 distance at the inner angle of the nostril. Mouth large, twice as wide as long, 

 length equal to that of the snout; labial folds short, around the angles, lower 

 longer. Teeth small, compressed, with three to seven cusps, median cusp less 

 ^prominent toward the sides of the mouth. Eye large, nearly as long as the mouth. 

 Spiracles small, a short distance behind the eye. Gill openings narrow, hindmost 

 two above the pectoral. 



First dorsal little the larger, origin behind that of the ventral, end opposite 

 that of the latter. Space between the dorsals equal the length of the ventral 

 bases. Base of the second dorsal about three fourths of the length of that of 

 the anal, origin a little farther back and end of the base about opposite that 

 of the latter. Bases of the pectorals thickly enveloped in muscles. Caudal 

 moderately elongate, surmounted by a band of modified scales on the upper edge 

 below which the skin is more naked. Subcaudal deeper forward, without a lobe. 

 Anal smaller than the ventrals, much larger than the dorsals. Scales small, 

 carinate or striate. Head, body cavity, color of mouth and other features 

 differ considerably from what is seen on P. pilosus; but they approach no nearer 

 to Pristiurus. 



Upper surfaces brown, lower somewhat lighter, fins more or less blotched 

 and bordered with white. Inside of mouth pale. 



Description from a female of 21^ inches, body \l\ inches, taken off the 

 Santa Barbara Islands, California. 



