268 THE PLAGIOSTOMIA. 



pectorals, with a dermal keel at each side. Caudal well developed, axis slightly 

 raised, supracaudal elongate and subcaudal produced together making the hind 

 margin of the entire caudal a deep concave. A series of irregular large tubercles 

 from the rostral ridges above each eye to the nape, a vertebral series in front of 

 the first dorsal, two series on each shoulder, inner longer and subcontinuous 

 with one from the orbital ridge. 



Brown ; young with scattered spots of white smaller than the eye over body 

 and fins, head and forward part of back with transverse bars of white and brown, 

 in age becoming uniform ashy brown. Reaches a length of seven feet or more. 



Africa to China ; East Indies. 



Rhynchobatus. 



Rhynchobatus Muller & Henlb, 1837, Sitz. Akad. wiss. Berlin, p. 116; 1S11, Plagios., p. 111. 



Disk subtriangular, longer than wide; snout elongate; pectorals narrow, 

 not extended beyond the nostrils. Rostral cartilage long, trough-like. Nostrils 

 wide, oblique, valves not crossing the internarial space. Mouth with moder- 

 ately developed labial folds and labial cartilages; teeth unlike. 



Dorsal opposite the ventrals. Origin of ventrals distant from the bases 

 of the pectorals. Caudal axis somewhat raised, a subcaudal lobe, caudal keels 

 weak. 



Rhynchobatus djiddensis. 



Plate 65, fig. 1. 



Raia djiddensis Forskal, 1775, Descript. anim., p. IS; Gmelin, 1789, Linne, Syst., 1, p. 1511; Shaw, 



1804, Zool., 5, pt. 2, p. 319. 

 Rhinobatus ou Squatino-Raia Duhamel, 1782, Traite, 4, p. 292, pi. 15. 

 ffioii bokhal Lacepede, 1798, Poissons, 1, p. 139. 

 Raie rldnobate Lacepede, 179S, Poissons, 1, p. 145, pi. 6, f . 3. 

 Rhinobatus laecis Schneider, 1801, Bloch Ichth., p. 354, pi. 71; Schlegel, 1850, Jap. Pisces, p. 306, 



pi. 139. 

 Rhinobatus djidsensis Schneider, 1801, Bloch Ichth., p. 356. 

 Walawah tenkee Russell, 1803, Coromandel fishes, 1, p. 6, pi. 10. 

 Rhinobatus djeddensis Ruppell, 1826, Atlas fische, p. 54, pi. 14, f . 1 ; E. T. Bennett, 1830, Mem. Raffles, 



p. 693; Annandale, 1909, Mem. Ind. mus., 2, p. 12. 

 Rhinobatus duhamelii Blainv., 1830, Poiss. Fr., p. 48. 

 Rhynchobatus laevis MCller & Henle, 1837, Sitzb. Akad. wiss. Berlin, p. 116; Wiegm. archiv., 1, 



p. 399; 1841, Plagios., p. Ill; Bleeker, 1852, Plagios., p. 51, 58; Dcmeril, 1865, Elasm., p. 4S3. 

 Rhynchobatus djeddensis T. Cantor, 1849, Malay, fishes, p. 412; Gunth., 1870, Cat. fishes Brit, mus., 8, 



p. 441 ; Day, 1878, Ind. fishes, p. 730, pi. 192, f. 1 ; Gunther, 1910, Siidsee fische, 3, p. 491. 

 Rhinobatus jaram Montrouzier, 1S57, Ichth. Woodlark, p. 498. 



Disk wide posteriorly, three fourths of its length, narrowing forward, length 

 about half the distance from end of snout to caudal. Snout half the length of 



