84 GONIASTERIDAE. 



4-12 plates, noticeably larger than the others, and among these are the only 

 papulae to be found, but even these are small and inconspicuous. All the 

 abactinal plates are siuTounded by a series of small rounded gi-anules; on the 

 disk, the sin-face of each plate also carries several (3-15) similar granules; these 

 may be crowded but are usually rather well-spaced. On the arms, the granules 

 on the surface of the plates become few and disappear, so that at the tips of the 

 arms, the plates entirely lack them, only the marginal series being present there. 



Marginal plates 15 on each side of each ray, or 16 in the inferomarginal 

 series ; the plates in the two series are of about equal size or the inferomarginals 

 are somewhat larger than the superomarginals in the interbrachial arc and 

 somewhat smaller at the very tip of the ray. Distally each plate is sm'rounded 

 by a marginal series of small granules, like those of the abactinal plates, while 

 the surface of the plate is bare, but as one passes towards the interradius, granules 

 appear on the surface and in the interbrachial arc pretty well cover the plates; 

 those on the inferomarginals are larger than those on the upper series and are 

 quite angular and more or less pointed. Terminal plate shghtly tumid, smooth, 

 transversely oval, not conspicuous. 



Actinolateral plates squarish or polygonal not arranged in very definite 

 series, except one row adjacent to the adambulacrals ; the plates of tliis row are 

 the largest and proximally are more than a millimeter square. They extend 

 out two tliirds the length of the arm, beyond which the adambulacrals abut 

 directly on the inferomarginals. All the actinolateral plates are moderately 

 weU-covered with spaced, pointed spinelets, considerably larger than the granules 

 of the abactinal surface. Adambulacral plates squarish, proximally about 

 equal to the adjoining actinolaterals but becoming larger (relatively only, of 

 coiu-se) at middle of arm. Each plate bears a marginal series of five or usually 

 fom- subequal, shghtly tapered blunt spines, about a millimeter long; im- 

 mediately external to this marginal series, the surface of the plate is bare, but 

 along the outer margin are 4-8 pointed granules or low spinelets similar to those 

 of the actinolateral plates, but perhaps a httle larger; these are arranged in 

 one or often two distinct series. Oral plates large but not very tumid; each 

 carries a marginal series of 10-12 spines similar to those of the adambulacral 

 plates, except that the one at the tip of plate (proximally) is noticeably stouter 

 than the others; on the siu-face of the plate are 10-14 low spinelets like those of 

 the actinolateral plates but a httle larger. 



Pedicellariae are exceedingly rare but on each specimen critically examined, 

 one was found; this was composed of two wide, blunt, erect valves, shghtly 



