286 THE GALAPAGOS TORTOISES. 



The type, Plate 22, differs from specimens of T. nigra, equal in size, in 

 being less convex on the back, the arch from the first to the fifth vertebral 

 scale being lower, as also that across the back; the marginals above the legs 

 are entire, not worn and thickened, and form greater arches, the eighth marginal 

 is wider on its upper edge; the bones of the sternum above the gulars and the 

 anals are not swollen downward; the anal notch is a little more than 90°; and 

 the fifth vertebral scale is narrow on its upper edge and bears in its upper half 

 a steep and sharp prominence. On similar comparison with T. microphyes it 

 is seen that nearly all of these differences are pertinent. 



Specimen described is from the Boston Society of Natural History. Dr. 

 C. F. Winslow collection (See Proc. Boston Society Natural History, 1861, 10 

 p. 59). 



Testudo nigra Quoy et Gaimard. 



Plates 23-33, 35, 36. 



Testudo nigra Quoy et Gaimard, 1824, Voyage Uranie et Physieienne zool., p. 172, pi. 40; Cuvier, 



1829, Regne anim., 2, p. 10; Voigt, 1832, Thierreich., 2, p. 9; Dumebil et Bibron, 1835, ErpStol. 



gdner., 2, p. 115; Wiegmann, 1835, Nov. act. Leop.-Carol., 17, p. 118, pi. 13; Strauch, 1862, 



Mem. Acad. St. Petersb., ser. 7, 6, p. 85; 1865, Verth. schildkr., p. 29; Boulenger, Cat. Chelon., 



p. 170; Strauch, 1890, Bemerk. schildkr., p. 53. 

 Testudo californiana Quoy et Gaimard, 1824, Bull. sci. nat., 1, p. 90, pi. 11. 

 Testudo elephanlopus Jackson, Boston journ. nat. hist., 1, p. 443, pi. 10, 11; Van Denburgh, 1914, 



Proc. Cal. acad. sci., ser. 4, 2, p. 245, 316, pi. 55, fig. 2, pi. 56, fig. 1. 

 Testudo gnlapagoensis Baur, 1889, Araer. nat., 23, p. 1044; Gunther, 1902, Nov. zool., 9, p. 184, pi. 



16-21; Heller, 1903, Proc. Wash. Acad, sci., 6, p. 53; Siebenrock, 1909, Zool. jahrb. Suppl., 10, 



p. 553; Rothschild, 1915, Nov. zool., 22, p. 404, pi. 23-26. 

 Testudo wallacei Rothschild, 1902, Nov. zool., 9, p. 619; Heller, 1903, Proc. Wash. acad. sci., 6, 



p. 54; Siebenrock, 1909, Zool. jahrb. Suppl., 10, p. 533; Rothschild, 1915, Nov. zool., 22, p. 



407, pi. 31, 32. 



The type described and figured by Quoy and Gaimard was said to be twelve 

 inches long and eight inches wide. It was obtained by Freycinet at the Sand- 

 wich Islands (Hawaiian) from the Captain of a vessel that had recently (about 

 1818) arrived from California. There is no mention of the original habitat. 

 The figures published by the describers are sketched in outline on Plate 23, 

 fig. 2, 3. Plate 23, fig. 1, is from a drawing published by Wiegmann of a 



