38 



CATALOGUE OF SHIELD REPTILES. 



h. Adult (stuffed). Nortli America. Presented by the 

 Earl of Derby. 



c. Adult (stuffed). North America. Presented by Gen. 



Th. Hardwicke. 



d. Adult (stuffed). Shields smooth ; hinder costal plate 



distinctly ringed. North America. Presented by 

 Gen. Th. Hardwicke. 



e. Adult (in spirits). North America. 



k. Adult animal (dry : not good state). Back obtusely and 

 interruptedly keeled ; dorsal shield rugose, dark brown ; 

 sternum brown, with dark edge to the shields. North 

 America. From the Zoological Society. 



Far. 4. tuberculifera. The three central vertebral plates 

 with a central tubercle, the hinder tubercle orbicular. 



h. Shell only (young). California. Mr. J. Drummond's 



Collection. 

 Malaclemys tuberculifera. Gray, Cat. Tort. B.M. 



Far. 5. areolata. Head small ; back elevated. 



Emys areolata, Dvm. ^- Bib. MSS. 



Bum. Cat. Rept. Mus. irilist. Nat. 10. no. 7*. 



Hub. Central America ; Veiea. {Morelet). 



Osteology : — 



/. Shell only. North America. 



i. Skeleton of Far. 1 . North America. Zoological Society. 



Skull oblong ; forehead convex, shelving towards the 

 temples ; orbits large, rather close together, shelving up- 

 wards, enabling the animal to see above it. 



Mr. Bell, in his Testudinata, beautifully figures several 

 specimens from life, showing the variations in the colouring 

 of the animal. The animal varies in intensity from pale 

 grey to blackish, and the spots on the temples, nape, neck, 

 limbs and tail vary in size and depth, and are sometimes 

 joined together into lines, which are often symmetrical on 

 the two sides of the head. 



" As an article of food it is much preferred to any other 

 species, particularly when dug out of the marshes in a 

 torpid state : immense numbers are annually brought to 

 market. The males are small, and have the concentric 

 striee more deeply impressed than the females." — Le- 

 conte. 



The very young specimens are about two inches long, 

 pale brown ; shields with narrow concentric lines ; second, 

 third, and front half of the fourth vertebral plate with a 

 very broad rounded keel. Sternum brown-dotted ; plates 

 pale-edged, with a line of spots on the front and hinder 

 edse. Mus. Bell. 



A very young specimen in spirits in the Museum of 

 the College of Surgeons, named " Testudo picta." The 

 shell is pale brown ; each of the costal shields has two 

 concentric very narrow rings near the margin, and an 

 irregular ring in the centre, the continuity of which is 

 often more or less interrupted. The vertebral plates have 

 a similar double ring, but both the marginal and cen- 

 tral ones are more irregular and mterrupted. The upper 

 surfaces of the marginal plates are each marked with a 

 single submarginal ring and a larger central spot. The 

 sternal shields are brown-dotted, with a brown band near 

 the margin of each. 



b. Sternum divided by a central cross suture, attached to 

 the thorax by a ligamentous suture, covered by the 

 end of the pectoral and abdominal shields ; sternal 

 plates 1 2 ; axillary and inguinal plates very small. 



Emydidic § a, b. Gray, Cat. Tort. B.M. 13. 

 Emydidce § a. Bell, Zool. Journ. ii. 514. 

 Cistuda, Fleming, Phil. Zool. ii. 270 (1822). 

 Cistudo, Say, Journ. Acad. Philad. 



Bum. ^- Bib.Erp. Gen. ii. 207 (1835) ; Cat. MM. R. 7. 

 Emys, JVar/ler, Syst. 138 (1830). 



Bonap. Obs. Ciw. R. A. 161 (1830). 



Fit:. Syst. Schildk. 1836; Syst. Rept. 29(1843). 

 Pyxidemys (clausa). Fit:. Syst. Rept. 29. 

 Terrapene, Khiosternon and Sternotherus, sp.. Bell. 



M. Daudin divides the Tortues a boites (T. clausa) 

 thus : — 



* With both ends moveable. 1. T. Retzii. 2. T. tri- 

 carinata. 3. T. Pennsylvanica. — ** With the hinder end 

 only moveable. 4. T. odorata. 5. T. subnigra. 6. T. 

 virgulata. 1 . T. clausa. 8. T. brevicauda. 



Cuvier, Reg. Anim. ii. 11 (1817), ed. 2. ii. 12, adopts 

 Daudin' s divisions. 



Merrem gives to the Tortues ti boites the generic name 

 oi Terrapene (p. 27, &c.). 



Mr. Bell, Zool. Journ. ii. 302, 486 (1826), in his paper 

 on the Box Tortoises, forms a subfamily of Emydida: for 

 them under the name of Sternotherina, and refers to it the 

 following genera : — 



I. KiNOSTERNON, Spix, Containing: 1. K. Shwianum. 

 2. A', longicaudatum. 3. K. brevicaudatum. 4. K. Penn- 

 sylvanicum. 5. K. Amboinense = Terrapene bicolor,Tp. 484. 

 6. K. nigricans = Sternotherus Leaehianus. II. Ster- 

 notherus, Bell, containing: 1. S. trifasciatus (t. 13). 

 2. >S'. Leaehianus (t. 14), which is the same as K. nigricans. 

 S.S.odoratus. 4. S.Boscii=KinostenionPennsylvanica; the 



