10 



CATALOGUE OF SHIELD REPTILES. 



Testudo sulcata, Grmj, Syn. 68 ; Cat. Rept. B.M. 7. 



Bum. (5- Bib. Erp. Ghi. ii. 74. t. 13. f. 1 ; Cat. MHh. 

 R. 5. 

 T. calcaiata, Schn. Syn. t. 12. 



Bechst. in Lacep. i. 346. t. 

 T. radiata Seiiegalensis, Gray, Syn. 11. 



Schlegel, F. Japan. 74. 

 T. Schoepfii, RiippeU. 

 Geochelone sulcata, Fitz. Syst. Schildk. 122. 



Hab. Africa ; Abyssinia ; Cape ; Senegal ; " Buenos 

 Ay res." 



a. Young (stuffed) ; 8 inches. Abyssinia. From the 



Frankfort Museum. 



Osteology : — 



b. Adult (upper shell only); 19 inches. South Africa. 



c. European. Cherseus. 

 13. Testudo graeca. The Tartaruga. 



Shell oblong, subglobose ; shields rather convex, black 

 and yellow-varied ; nuchal shield distinct. 



Testudo Grseca, Linn. Syst. Nat. ii. 552. 



Gray, Syn. 13; Cat. Tort. B.M. 9. 



Valenc. Expcd. Morea, t. 7. f. 1, t. 9. f. 4. 



Shaw, Zuol. ii. t. 1. 



Sc/ioepf. Test. t. 8, 9. 



Bum. ^- Bib. Erp. G^n. ii. 49 ; Cat. Mith. R. 5 ; not 

 Pallas. 

 T. Carolina, Herm. 

 T. geometrica, Briinnich, Adriat. 92. 

 T. Hermanni, Schneid. 348. 



Gmeti)i, Syst. Nat. 1041. 



Seba, t. 80. f. 1. 



Knorr, Del. Nat. ii. t. 52. f. 1 . 

 T. pusilla, Shaw, Zool. iii. 53. 

 T. Ibera, Pallas 1 Zool. Ross. ii. 



Eichw. Zool. Spec. ii. 196 ; Fauna Casp. Cauc. 43. 

 t. 5? 

 T. Mauritanica, Bum. ^ Bib. E. Gen. ii. 44 ; Cat. Mith. 

 R. 3. 



Bonap. Test. Eur. et Amer. 251. 

 African Land Tortoise, Edw. Birds, t. 204. 

 T. Zohaffa, Forslmel, F. Arab. 12. 

 Chersine grjeca, Merrem, Tent. 31. 

 Testudo terrestris, Gesner, Quad. O. 107, fig. P.aii Quad. 



243. 

 La Tortue grecque, Cuv. R. A. ii. 9. 

 Testudo (testudo) graeca, Fitz. Syst. Rept. 29. 



Hab. Europe ; North Africa ; Greece. 



Far. Shell very convex, black, yellow spotted ; edge of 

 shell very blmit ; dorsal shields angular, deeply grooved ; 

 tail very short, conical, blunt. Body 1 foot ; tail 1 

 inch. 

 Cherseus Iberus, Ch. Bonap. Amph. Eur. 271 



Hab. Iberia, near Tiflis. — Eichw. 



Males 1 Caudal plate broad, strongly inflexed, sometimes 

 grooved. 



a. Adult (stuffed). Sternum flat, black ; caudal with a 



groove ; 5 inches. South Europe. Presented by 

 J. E. Gray, Esq. 



d & e. Stuffed. Sternum black varied ; caudal plate entire ; 

 51^ inches. South Europe. 



tn. Stuffed. South Europe. Presented by J. E. Gray, Esq. 



Osteology : — 



b. Shell only. Sternum rather concave, black ; 4^ inches. 



South Europe. Presented by Gen. Th. Hardwicke. 



o. Shell only. Caudal plate entire ; hinder lateral margin 

 rather expanded. South Europe. 



Females 1 and young. Caudal plate rather narrow, flat, 

 sometimes divided. 

 T. Mauritanica, Bum. ^ Bib. Erp. Gen. ii. 44. 



c. Stuffed. Vertebral shields convex ; caudal plates with 



a groove ; sternum black ; 5 inches. South Europe. 

 Presented by Gen. Th. Hardwicke. 



f. Stuffed. Sternum black varied ; 7 inches. Some of 



the marginal plates wanting. South Europe. 



_;'. Stuffed (young) ; 1\ inches. South Europe. Presented 

 by Gen. Th. Hardwdcke. 



k, I. In spirits (young). South Europe. Presented by 

 J. E. Gray, Esq. 



V. Adult (stuffed). Hinder marginal plates rather pro- 

 duced. South Europe. Presented by J. E. Grav, 

 Esq. 



Osteology : — 



g. Shell only ; h\ inches. South Euro]3e. 



h. Shell only ; 5 inches. South Europe. Presented by 



J. E. Gray, Esq. 

 Testudo Mauritanica, Bum. ^' Bib. Erp. Gen. ii. 44. 



i. Shell only ; 7\ inches. South Europe. Presented by 

 Gen. Th. Hardwicke. 



n. Shell only (half-grown). 



p, q, r. Shell only (young). 



s & t. Skeleton and shell (adult and young). 



These shells vary considerably in external appearance. 

 In some the caudal plate is broader and strongly bent in at 

 the tip ; in others it is narrower and flat, or even sometimes 

 slightly bent out at the tip. All the female and young 

 specimens I have examined have this form ; I therefore 

 consider it as a sexual character only. The caudal plate in 

 both of these variations is often divided by a more or less 

 distinct central longitudinal groove, which has been con- 

 sidered as a specific character, but it varies greatly in 

 distinctness in different specimens ; in some the margins 

 over the hind limbs are more produced and reflexed than 



