CATALOGUE OF SHIELD REPTILES. 



63 



species of Trionyx have an odd bone ("marginal piece," 

 Geoff.) on the margin, which is only slightly developed in 

 the young. Geoffrey's figure of T. Egyptiacus is from an 

 adult ; T. svhplanvs and T. carinnlus from young speci- 

 mens ; T. Javanicus from an imperfect one, as complete 

 specimens of this species have this bone. 



Fitzinger has divided this family into the genera Trionyx 

 (ffranosus), Aspidonectes (Javanicus), Platypeltis (Bron- 

 gniartii and ferox), Pelodiscus (Sinensis and labiatus), 

 Aniyda (snbplanus and muticus), according to the union 

 and separation of the cervical bones and the ribs, and the 

 rugosity and partial smoothness of the surface of the 

 dorsal plates ; but these characters alter with the age of 

 the animals, and they separate nearly allied species and 

 those coming from the same countries. 



Synopsis of the Genera. 



A. Sternum broad, with valves over the feet. Sternal callosities 



7 or 9. 



1. Emyda. The margin of the shield supported by bones. 



Sternal callosities three pairs, and a small anterior odd one 

 behind the anterior pair. 



2. Cyclanosteus. Margin of disk flexible, boneless. Sternal cal- 



losities four pairs, and an odd one behind the two anterior 

 paiis. 



B. Sternum narrow at each end ; the margin of the shield ex- 



panded, flexible, thin. Sterjtal callosities 4, 



§ Head moderate ; face conical ; eyes lateral. 



3. Trionyx. Head moderate, ovate, narrow in front. Dorsal disk 



solid. 



4. Dogania. Head very large, dilated behind, narrow in front. 



Dorsal disk not solidified imtil late in life. 



§§ Head elongates face very short j eyes anterior. 



5. Chitra. Head dilated behind, broad and short in front ; hps 



verc large, swollen. Dorsal disk solid ; first vertebral bone 

 broad, crescent-shaped, early develojjed. 



A. Sternum broad, with valves over the feet. Sternal 

 callosities 7 or 9. 



Trionycidre A, Gray, Cat. Tort. B.M. 46. 

 Trionyx, Bell, Zool. Journ. iii. 516. 



Wagler, Syst. 134 (1830). 



Fit;. Syst. Rept. 30. 



Bonap. Tab. Analyt. 10 (1836). 

 Crvptopus, Bum. ^ Bib. Erp. Gen. ii. .501 ; Cat. Meth. 

 R. 23. 



1. EMYDA. 



Head moderate, ovate, narrow in front. Eyes near nose. 

 Lips very thick. Dorsal disk convex, solid. Margin of 



the shell supported with a series of bones behind. Ster- 

 num broad, rounded before and behind, with a moveable 

 valve over each foot. Sternal callosities (of adult) 7, three 

 (2 ■ 1) anterior, two lateral and two jjosterior. 



Emyda, Gray, Syn. Rept. ; Cat. Tort. B.M. 46. 



Trionj-x, Bell, Zool. Journ. iii. .516 (1828). 

 Wayler, Syst. 134. 

 Fit:. Syst. Rept. 30. 

 Crvptopus, Bum. ^' Bib. Erp. Gen. ii. 501 (1835) ; Cat. 

 Meth. R. 23. 



1. Emyda punctata. The Bungoma. 



Shell oval, convex, granular, green (young with eyed 

 spots) ; head with two orange spots on the occiput (young 

 with a yellow streak from each eye, and the nape yellow- 

 spotted). The odd anterior callosity small, roundish, tri- 

 angular ; the posterior callosities of adult ovate, inner edge 

 semicircular ; of young triangular, far apart. 



Emvda punctata, Gray, Syn. Rept. 50 ; Illusf. Ind. Zool. 

 ii". t. 62, young ; Cat. Tort. B.M. 46 ; Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 1855. 



Bell, Testud. t. 

 La Chagrinee, Testudo punctata, Lacep. Q. O. i. 171. 

 Testudo granosa, Schoepjf'. Test. 127. t. 30 A, B. 

 Trionyx granosus, Schweig. Prod. 288. 



n'agler, Syst. 134. t. 2. f. 2, 33. 



Fit:. Syst. Rept. 30. 



Gray, Ind. Zool. ii. t. 64. 



Schlegel, Faun. Japon. 35. t. 5. f. 4. 

 Cryptopus granosus. Bum. ^- Bib. Erp. Gen. ii. 501 ; Cat. 



Meth. R. 23. 

 Testudo scabra, Latr. Rept. i. 194. 

 T. Dura, B. Hamilton, Icon. ined. no. 

 T. granidata, Shaiv, Zool. iii. 68. t. 14. f. 1. 



Baud. Rept. ii. 81. t. 19. f. 2. 

 Trionvx Coromandelicus, Geoff. Ann. Mus. xiv. 16. t. 5. f. 1. 



iSIerrem, Tent. 20. 



Hab. India ; Pondicherry ; Bengal. 



a-c. Adult animal and shell (stuffed). India. From M. 

 Picquot's Collection. 



f, g. Young (in spirits). India. From M. Picquot's Col- 

 lection. 



h. Young (stuffed). From the Museum of the Bengal 

 Society. 



k. Very young (stuffed). India. Capt. Boys' Collection. 



/. Adult (stuffed). India. Capt. Boys' Collection. 



Osteology : — 



Trionyx granosus, Cuv. Oss. Foss. v. 202. t. 12. f. 47, ster- 

 num. 



d, e. Upper shells only. India. M. Picquot's Collection. 



(. Upper shield only. India. Presented by Gen. Th. 

 Hardwicke. 



