preocular ; orbital ring of shields incomplete below. Brown, 

 with black nuchal ring and Y shaped cross-bars. 

 Assam. 



P. L^vis, Kuhl. 



Yentrals 150-1G4, subc. 84-46. Loreal none, replaced by 

 the preocular. Two labials enter the orbit. Brown, marbled 

 with black in irregular cross-bands ; belly brown, or white 

 with blackish lateral spots. 



Java, Cochin-China, Khasya Hills. 



P. MACULAR I us, Bhjtk. 



Resembles P. carinatus in its complete orbital circle and 

 general appearance. The young and adult differ in colour, 

 and it is said in the disposition and shape of the head- 

 shields. Ochrej^ brown, with traces of cross-bands. In the 

 vounor, rich reddish brown with fiisciolated cross-markinsfs 

 in white and claret colour ; white collar, mottled with claret- 

 red ; belly brown, spotted and mottled. 

 Martaban. 



P. MODEST us, Theobald. 



A band- like subocular. Posterior frontal enters the orbit. 

 Median scales faintly keeled. Uniform brown, pale yellowish 

 below. 



Ranoroon. 



Family XI.— OLIGODONTID^. 



Body subcylindrical, with a short head not distinct from 

 the neck, tail moderate or short. Scales smooth, rounded, 

 15-21. Ventrals of moderate breadth, rarely above 200, 

 generally much fewer ; subcaudals double. Eye moderate, 

 pupil round. Head-shields normal.* Teeth few, increasing ; 

 no palatine teeth in Oligodon. Head nearly always with 

 symmetrical >■ markings ; belly often with square sj-m- 

 metrical dark spots on the ventrals. 



* In a few species of Oligodon there is no loreal. 



