hungerford: aquatic hemiptera. 15 



the case, this same year (1816) marks the appearance of 

 Savigny's "Memoires sur les Animaux sans vertebres." It is 

 not, however, in the same class with Lamarck. The following 

 year Leach (1817) published an important paper in the Trans. 

 Linn. Soc. London, and in 1818 Fallen's "Monographia Cimi- 

 cum Suecise" appeared. These are not biological in nature, but 

 must be mentioned because of their important relation to the 

 field. Eschscholtz in 1823, and Le Peletier and Serville in 1825 

 published works. Meneville (1829) treated water bugs in vol- 

 ume 13, giving colored plates of them in volume 14. Schum- 

 mel (1832) and Laporte (1833) are responsible for a few 

 notes, but a profound and splendid work by Dufour in 1833 

 marks this period as an important one. His paper, under 

 the broad title "Recherches anatomiques et philosophiques sur 

 les Hemipteres accompagnees de considerations relatives a 

 rhistorie naturelle et la classification des insectes," presented 

 much new and interesting biological data. Two years later 

 Burmeister's "Handbuch der Entomologie" appeared. And 

 in 1836, just a century after Reaumur, we have Brulle's "His- 

 toire Naturelle des Insectes." Volume IX treats of our bugs. 

 Blanchard's set bears the same title and came out in 1840. 

 1843 is a date to be remembered by all students of the Hemip- 

 tera, for in that year Amyot and Serville set forth in their 

 treatment of the Hemiptera a most thorough review of all 

 earlier work (they omitted Roesel). After one has carefully 

 combed through the early works for biological notes it is 

 most satisfying to see how well these writers digested and set 

 down the work of their predecessors.* Since their time there 

 have been important contributions to the biology of aquatic 

 Hemiptera. Many are the notes and short papers by various 

 writers, but for extensive contributions we are indebted to 

 a few. Uhler, in this country, stands as an early and a most 

 interesting writer on the behavior and habits of this special 

 group. Kirkaldy, in England, published in the ''Entomologist," 

 from 1896 to 1909, a series of articles under the title "Guide 

 to the Study of British Water Bugs." This series should be 

 read along with Uhler as the foundation material for any one 

 taking up the study of water bugs. To these names we should 

 add that of Bueno, who has published more life history studies 

 than any other writer. His writings are most entertaining 



* Glover has given us in his own handwriting something of the same thing in English. 



