404 FISHES. 



of over-fishing, for few fishes were, as I remember them, 

 easier to capture in the Baltic rivers. Though traditionally 

 free from disease, the roach is subject to the attacks of a 

 number of parasites. 



From the last the somewhat similar Rudd, which replaces 

 it in Ireland, may be readily distinguished by its deeper 

 *lludclor body, position of the dorsal fin (nearer the 

 Bed-eye. tail), and the presence of more red about the 

 eye and fins. Easiest of recollection, however, is the fact 

 that the uj^per lip of this fish is horny and rigid, whereas 

 that of the roach can be pulled forward. The rudd, which 

 grows to a weight in these islands of 3 lbs., rises freely to 

 the fly in parts of Norfolk, at Slapton Ley in Devon, and 

 in many Irish waters, but does not occur in many of the 

 largest rivers of the south of England. It is a very " bony " 

 fish, and not much esteemed as food. It feeds on insects, 

 and, in captivity at all events, will take, so Alderman 

 Newlyn of Bournemouth tells me, small minnows. 



[The Ide is included by some writers in the British list ; 

 and the Golden Orfe has been introduced from Germany 

 within the last five-and-twenty years.] 



Save perhaps in the extreme west, the Chub is widely 



distributed in England, in the southern two-thirds of Scot- 

 land, and in the whole of Ireland. Its most 

 * Chub 



characteristic feature is the great breadth of 



the head, which has a pink shade, the general colour of the 



