branch: biology of Kansas membracid^e. 95 



The discoidal cells are small and only two in number, unless 

 the vacant unveined portion be considered a discoidal. The 

 first three apical cells are small, the third one petiolate, while 

 the third and fourth are abnormally large. There is one, and 

 possibly two, anals proceeding out of the base of the clavus. 

 The tegmen is 3.8 mm. from base and 1.2 mm. wide in broadest 

 portion. 



Wings. 

 The wing is typical of the family, having the three longi- 

 tudinal veins — costa, radia and ulnar — in corium, and two in 

 clavus. It is difficult at times to see the second anal vein. The 

 limbus surround the veined portion except at the base and 

 along the costal area. Wing measures 2.2 mm. from base 

 to tip. 



Legs. 

 The prothoracic, mesothoracic and metathoracic legs, in all 

 genera, differ greatly. The prothoracic leg has a heavy coxa, 

 which is joined to the arm of the prothorax by a heavy mem- 

 brane. The prothoracic leg is almost as large as the meso- 

 thoracic. The tibia, however, appears heavier in the pro- 

 thoracic leg, presumably because the prothoracic leg is more 

 developed through the aid it gives during feeding time. The 

 femur of the prothoracic leg, as well as that of the meso- 

 thoracic, is much curved, especially the outer margin. The 

 tibiae are slender and quadrangular, haired and spineless. The 

 claws are longer than those in the metathoracic leg ; are sharp, 

 bearing a soft, spongy cushion between them. This cushion is 

 perhaps used as a suction in clinging to the plant, as the insect 

 shows strong clinging abilities and is not easily shaken off its 

 plant. In the prothoracic leg the tibia is scarcely longer than 

 the femur, but in mesothoracic it is one third longer. 



The metathoracic leg, or "jumping leg," is the member with 

 which the insect does its rapid work in locomotion. The femur 

 is cylindrical, but is not. as curved on the outer edge as the 

 femur in the prothoracic or mesothoracic leg. It is narrower 

 in the middle than on either end, having a more forceful lever 

 power than in the other shape. The tibia is at least twice the 

 length of the femur. It is quadrangular, with numerous black, 

 shining spines on the four angular edges and also on the planes 

 between. There are also dark spines around the distal end 

 of the tibia and on the first joint of the tarsus. (See fig. 2, 



