98 KANSAS UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN. 



The third method was to kill in picro-aceto-sublimate (see 

 Vade Mecum). 



The last two methods were found more efficient in external 

 and coarse dissection, as the sutures were more distinct and 

 the muscles less brittle than in the water-killing. Before much 

 work could be done in external anatomy of the head, it was 

 necessary to clear the heads by boiling for fifteen minutes in 

 one part saturate solution potassium hydrate and ten parts 

 water. 



For sectioning, any one of the three fixative methods seemed 

 equally good. On account of the difficulty through the chitin, 

 the material had to be softened in sodium hypochlorite solution 

 (saturate solution, one part to ten parts water, was found 

 satisfactory) . The writer left the specimens over night (about 

 fourteen hours) in this solution, and then dehydrated up to 

 85 per cent alcohol, from which the specimens were put into 

 cedar oil for twenty-four hours or longer. 



For infiltration, watch glasses were partially filled with 

 melted paraflSn. The specimens, before being placed in the 

 paraffin, were drained on blotting paper. This process makes 

 the change of paraffin unnecessary. The infiltration continued 

 for ninety-six hours. 



Sections were cut ten microns, stained three to four hours in 

 Mayer's carmulum, and mounted in Canada balsam. 



Taxonomy. 

 The following synoptical table of the subfamilies of the 

 Membracidse is taken from Van Duzee (41), who uses that 

 given by Canon Fowler, who founded his work formally on 

 that of Stal : 



Scutellum wanting or entirely concealed by pronotum 1 



Scutellum distinct and more or less uncovered, with its apex nearly 

 always excavated or broadly sinuated and furnished on each side 

 with acute angles Centrotin^ Stal. 



1. Tarsi of equal length, or posterior pair longest 2 



Posterior tarsi much shorter than the anterior and interme- 

 diate HOPLOPHORIN^ Stal. 



2. Tibiae, at least the anterior and intermediate, dilated or foli- 



aceous // — Membracin.e Stal. 



Tibise simple or very slightly dilated, never foliaceous 3 



3. Third apical or terminal areola of the corium elongated, never 



petiolate Darning Stal. 



Third apical or terminal areole of the corium petiolate, the adjacent 

 areoles contiguous before it , 4 



