ISELY: EUMENIDyE OF KANSAS. 241 



from a gall of A. confluens. 0. fulvipes was observed by 

 Walsh building in a spool. 0. capra was observed by Rev. 

 T. W. Fyles provisioning its nest with the larch sawfly 

 (Nematns eviclisonii) . 



Odynervs is parasitized by Chrysididse and by two or three 

 ichneumonids. Linoccras junceusi is the only ichneumonid 

 reared from them in this country. Walsh records having bred 

 Chrysis ccerulans var. hella from E. fraternus. Cocoons of 

 Meteorus and Microgaster have been found in cells of Odyne- 

 rus. These may have been parasitic on caterpillars stored. 



A. Davidson' gathered twigs of Nama parryi on Mount Wil- 

 son, California, which contained cocoons of 0. riifobasilaris. 

 The cocoons resembled finely grained caddis-fly cases. The 

 outer surfaces were covered with sand ; one end of the cocoon 

 was truncate and the other rounded. The wasp, presumably, 

 after provisionmg each cell, adds a quantity of sand, which is 

 afterward utilized by the larva. From ten cells four parasites 

 (Epistenia odyneri, a chalcid) emerged. 



0. renifbrmis is described by Dufour'' as a wasp which bur- 

 rows in a firm sand bank or in a clay terrace. An egg is laid 

 at the bottom of each burrow, over which is placed green 

 caterpillars, rolled together, yet living. Over the entrance of 

 the burrow is an arcuate earthen tube. Dufour also described 

 the habits of 0. Ixvipes. which makes its nest in a dry bramble 

 twig. This wasp also deposits its egg at the bottom of the 

 cell and stores lively caterpillars above it. 



Some of the genus Odynerus, according to Froggatt, build 

 clay nests in various shapes, sometimes forming a finger- 

 shaped row of clay cells, or rounded, cup-shaped chambers. 



Observations on the nesting habits of five species of Odyne- 

 rus are recorded by the Peckhams." Three of these wasps 

 nested in plant stems, one excavated a burrow in the ground, 

 and the fifth made her nest in the mouthpiece of a horn. 



0. perennis nests in July in raspberry and blackberry stems 

 and partitions the ceir with mud. In one cell were sixteen 

 caterpillars, nearly one-third of which were dead. 



A one-celled nest of 0. conformis and a two-celled nest of 

 0. anormis were found in stalks. Both nests were freshly 

 provisioned, and in all three the egg was hung from the side 



5. Psyche, vol. VII, p. 335. 



6. Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 2, vol. 11; 1838. Transl. by Verhceff, Ent. Nach., XIX, p. 49. 



7. "Wasps, Solitary and Social, pp. 89-95. 



