316 KANSAS UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN. 



)oy Sambon, and reported on this continent from Greenland 

 only. Since several species of the genus Anopheles transmit 

 malaria, it would seem permissible to consider another species 

 belonging to the genus Simulium than that of S. reptans, re- 

 ferred to by Sambon. S. vittatnm is distributed in Kansas, as 

 shown by Emery in a map in the following paper. 



For the location of the pellagrins we have Allen, Chautau- 

 qua, Montgomery, Labette, Shawnee, Sumner and Meade coun- 

 ties. All cases are in the midst of the sand-fly territory, ex- 

 cept the Meade county case, and this man, a resident of that 

 region for twenty years, spent the year of 1910 in the South. 

 The Allen and Labette county cases are endemic. None of 

 these patients have ever been out of the state, so it would seem 

 that the cause now exists in the state. 



For our experimental work in 1911, the Oswego pellagrin, a 

 woman aged about 35, now in the second season of the disease, 

 was used, and she very willingly did her part. 



In all, 1282 live sand flies were used, and this phase of the 

 work extended from August 21 to November 4. The plan was 

 to divide the number of flies intended for each experiment 

 into two lots, the one lot to be exposed to the pellagrin and 

 then to the subject of experimentation, and the other exposed 

 to the check. 



Ten guinea pigs and two monkeys were used, and the tem- 

 perature of all was taken morning and evening daily. The 

 number of live flies exposed to the pellagrin and then to the 

 guinea pigs was 499 ; the number of live flies exposed to the 

 pellagrin and then the monkeys was 197. A part of those ex- 

 posed to the pellagrin were reserved for fixation and sectional 

 microscopic examination in the laboratory. Since only the 

 females bite, the relative number of the sexes is important. In 

 a count of 488 specimens, 219, or 42 per cent, were females. 



Earlier in the season the flies did not .seem to bite the 

 patient, but beginning with October 12 they attacked her, 

 biting freely, drawing the blood perceptibly from the pella- 

 grin's arms. These flies were then divided, part placed in the 

 flyproof cage with the male monkey ; part with the guinea pigs. 

 Repetitions of the same experiment were made almost daily 

 during the stated period. 



This closed on November 2, 1911, the work at Oswego, Kan., 

 and it was transferred from Oswego to the University labora- 



