emery: simulium vittatum in Kansas. 347 



portion usually a hair line, sometimes obsolete; the exterior 

 pair usually elongated spots. The abdominal markings are 

 as described by Coquillett, though occasionally there are ad- 

 ditional disconnected, velvet-black lateral spots, one on each 

 side on segments 3, 4, and 7, and a pair on 5 and 6. Sometimes, 

 also, owing either to the contracted condition of the abdomen 

 or to the fasciae being narrow, only the black projections of the 

 fascife are visible on the more posterior segments, giving the 

 appearance of three spots on each. The legs are often gray; 

 the femora and tibiae paler at the base, the tibiae black at tip. 

 the tarsi deep black except basal portion of middle and hind 

 metatarsi. Fore tibise with one spur, middle and hind with a 

 pair. Tarsal claws of female simple. 



Some specimens from Brookings, S. D., received from Pro- 

 fessor Aldrich, and .which are the males of vittatum, possess 

 the following characters : 



Male: Velvety black, antennje and palpi dark brown; dorsum of 

 thorax velvety black with the anterior and lateral margins narrowly, and 

 posterior margins in front of scutellum widely silvery gray; also two 

 narrow longitudial gray stripes on dorsum. Or the dorsum might have 

 been described as silvery gray with three very wide velvety-black longi- 

 tudinal stripes, abbreviated behind. Pleura black, bare; scutellum 

 velvety black; metanotum silvery gray; abdomen velvet-black, the sides 

 of first two or three segments of the ventral surface with a silvery re- 

 flection in some lights; legs black, the tips of the fore femora, the basal 

 half of fore and hind tibise (sometimes the middle one also), the basal 

 two-thirds of hind metatarsi, and the extreme base of the second hind 

 tarsal joint, yellow. Fore tibiae with a single spur, middle and hind 

 tibite with each two; tarsal claws tridentate. Halteres bright orange- 

 yellow. Wings hyaline, the vein yellow. Length 3 mm. 



In an article by Lugger, it is stated that in S. tribidatum the 

 male is much smaller than the female, having very large, bril- 

 liant, red eyes that meet on top of the head; the body is 

 velvety black with bright golden-yellow and blue spots; the 

 female is gray with black markings. This species is said to 

 be the most abundant in Minnesota, where it is called the 

 "black fly." No further description is given ; the figures of 

 the male and female agree with the description of S. vittatum. 

 Some specimens sent by Mr. Washburn of the Minnesota Ex- 

 periment Station, labeled S. tribiilatvm, which were sent to 

 me by Professor Needham, he having obtained them from Mr. 

 J. C. Bradley, of Philadelphia : 



Larva (of S. vitfatum) . Somewhat mottled gray, the side of each 

 segment blackish. The larv« and pupae were collected by Mr. J. C. 



