116 KANSAS UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BULLETIN. 



of cold known to have occurred in later geological times. The 

 glaciers extended as far south as Lawrence, Kan., but there 

 seems to be no evidence of the ice in Phillips county, which is 

 in a somewhat more northern latitude. However, the exist- 

 ence of glaciers in or near the eastern part of the state would 

 have a great effect upon the animals and plants of the western 

 part of the state, because temperature conditions would be es- 

 sentially the same. From this it seems that the Prairie Dog 

 creek beds were deposited immediately preceding and during 

 the Glacial Epoch. They will be placed provisionally in the 

 upper Pleistocene. 



The existence of this fauna so far southward is evidence 

 that goes to prove the gradual beginning and long duration 

 of the Glacial Epoch. Land snails are among the slowest of 

 animals to be geographically distributed, and the time taken 

 for this Canadian fauna to migrate several hundred miles to 

 the southward must have been of considerable magnitude. It 

 existed in the Long Island region during the deposition of a'c 

 least thirty feet of sand, and died out when conditions changed 

 and the glaciers disappeared. A few remnants of the fauna 

 exist at the present time in eastern Kansas as Pupilla miis- 

 corum and Eaconidus fulviis. 



As most of the fauna is found in the Miocene of the locality, 

 it seems that the descent of cold had not started at the close 

 of that period. 



There are some shells which we did not find in the deposits, 

 but which would naturally be supposed to occur. On subse- 

 quent search a Vitrina, for instance, may be found. None of 

 the Helicidse were found as fossils. None of the family lives 

 in the region at the present time, although Pohjgyra fraterna 

 lives in Jewell county to the eastward. 



ANNOTATED LIST OF PLEISTOCENE SPECIES. 



1. Psidium (sp?) 



2. Psidium (sp?) 



3. Sphaerium (sp?) 



Three species of small bivalves were found. The first two are rare 

 and the latter most common. 



4. Ancylus parallelus? Say. 



A single specimen found at Long Island probably belongs to this 

 species. 



