Genus Pyrameis 



(3) Vanessa milberti, Godart, Plate XX, Fig. 10, 6 ; Plate 

 III, Fig. 36, larva; Plate IV, Figs. 43, 49, 50, chrysalis (Milbert's 

 Tortoise-shell). 



Butterfly. — Easily distinguished by the broad yellow submar- 

 ginal band on both wings, shaded outwardly by red. It is nearly 

 related to the European V. urtica. Expanse, 1.75 inch. 



The life-history has been worked out and described by nu- 

 merous writers. The caterpillars feed upon the nettle (Urtica). 



This pretty little fly ranges from the mountains of West Vir- 

 ginia northward to Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, thence west- 

 ward to the Pacific. 



(4) Vanessa antiopa, Linnaeus, Plate I, Fig. 6, $ ; Plate 

 III, Fig. 28, larva; Plate IV, Figs. 51, 58, 59, chrysalis (The 

 Mourning-cloak; The Camberwell Beauty). 



Butterfly. — This familiar insect needs no description. It is 

 well known to every boy in the north temperate zone. It is one 

 of the commonest as well as one of the most beautiful species of 

 the tribe. A rare aberration in which the yellow border invades 

 the wing nearly to the middle, obliterating the blue spots, is some- 

 times found. The author has a fine example of this "freak." 



The eggs are laid in clusters upon the twigs of the food- 

 plant in spring (see p. 5, Fig. 1 1). There are at least two broods 

 in the Northern States. The caterpillars feed on willows, elms, 

 and various species of the genus Populus. 



Genus PYRAMEIS, Doubleday 



Butterfly. — The wings in their neuration approach closely to 

 the preceding genus, but are not angulate, and the ornamen- 

 tation of the under side tends to become ocellate, or marked 

 by eye-like spots, and in many of the species is ocellate. 



Egg. — The egg is broadly ovoid, being much like the egg of the 

 genus Vanessa. 



Caterpillar. — The caterpillar in its mature form is covered with 

 spines, but these are not relatively as large as in Vanessa, and are 

 not as distinctly branching. 



Chrysalis. — The chrysalis approaches in outline the chrysalis or 

 the preceding genus, and is only differentiated by minor structural 

 peculiarities. 



The genus includes only a few species, but some of them have 



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