Genus Papilio 



we have a fixed form breeding either toward bairdi or oregonia. 

 To this form, characterized by more yellow on the bands of the 

 wings than in P. bairdi, and less than in oregonia, Mr. Edwards 

 has applied the name P. brucei, in honor of Mr. Bruce of Lock- 

 port, New York, who has done much to elucidate the problems 

 connected with the species. Expanse, 3.25-3.60 inches. 



Early Stages. — These have been fully described by Edwards. 

 They are much like those of asterias, and the food-plants belong 

 to the same class. 



Bruce's Butterfly is found quite abundantly in Colorado. 



(16) Papilio hollandi, Edwards, Plate XL, Fig. 3, $ (Hol- 

 land's Butterfly). 



Butterfly. — This species or form, which belongs to the Aste- 

 rias-group, in the breadth of the yellow spots on the upper side 

 of the wings holds a place intermediate between P. bairdi 

 and P. lolicaon, between which it has been suggested that it 

 may be a hybrid, which has become fixed, and therefore a spe- 

 cies. It is characterized by the fact that the abdomen is always 

 striped laterally with yellow or is wholly yellow. Expanse, 3.25- 

 3.50 inches. 



Early Stages. — We know as yet but little of these. 



The insect occurs in Arizona and northward to Colorado. 



(17) Papilio asterias, Fabricius, Plate XL, Fig. 1, 6 ; Plate 

 II, Figs. 17, 24, 27, larva; Plate VI, Figs. 13, 18, 19, chrysalis 

 (The Common Eastern Swallowtail). 



Butterfly. — The male is well represented in the plate. The 

 female lacks the bright-yellow band of postmedian spots on the 

 primaries, or they are but faintly indicated. The species is sub- 

 ject to considerable variation in size and the intensity of the 

 markings. A very remarkable aberration in which the yellow 

 spots cover almost the entire outer half of the wings has been 

 found on several occasions, and was named Papilio calverleyi 

 by Grote. The female of this form from the type in the author's 

 collection is represented in Plate XLI, Fig. 6. Expanse, 2.75- 

 3.25 inches. 



Early Stages. — The caterpillar feeds on the Umbelliferce, and 

 is common on parsley and parsnips in gardens. In the South 

 I have found that it had a special liking for fennel, and a few 

 plants in the kitchen-garden always yielded me in my boyhood 

 an abundant supply of the larvae. 



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