130 ALASKA. 



sioii of tlie most characteristic sound and action, peculiar, so far 

 as I liave observed, to the fur-seals, the bulls in paiticulur. It 

 is the usual prelude to their combats, and follows somewhat in 

 this way: when the two disputants are nearly within reaching 

 or striking distance, they make a number of feints or false 

 passes at one another, with the mouth wide open and lifting 

 the lips or snarling, so as to exhibit the glistening teeth, and 

 Tvith each pass they expel the air so violently- through tbe 

 larynx as to make a rapid choo-choo-choo sound, like the steam- 

 puffs in the smoke-stack of a locomotive when it starts a heavy 

 train, and especially when the driving-wheels slip on the rail. 



All the bulls now have the power and frequent inclination to 

 utter four entirely distinct calls or notes— a hoarse, resonant 

 roar, loud and long; alow gurgling growl; a chucUling, sibi- 

 lant, piping whistle, of which it is impossible to convey an ad- 

 equate idea, for it must be heard to be understood ; and this 

 spitting, just described. The cows* have but one note— a hol- 

 low, prolonged, hla-a-ting call, addressed only to their pupsj 

 ou all other occasions they are usually silent. It is something 

 like the cry of a calf or sheep. They also make a spitting 

 sound, and snort, when suddenly disturbed. The pups '' bla-af^ 

 also, with little or no variation, the sound being somewhat 

 weaker and hoarser than that of their mothers for the first two 

 or three weeks after birth; they, too, spit and cough when 

 aroused suddenly from a nap or driven into a corner. iS. num- 

 ber of pups crying at a short distance off biing to mind very 

 strongly the idea of a flock of sheep " haaaa-iiKjP 



Indeed, so similar is the sound that a number of sheep 

 brought up from San Francisco to Saint George's Island during 

 the summer of 1873 were constantly attracted to the rookeries, 



"Without explanation 1 may be considered as making use of misapplied 

 terms iu describiug these animals, for the inconsistency of coupling "pups" 

 with " cows" and " bulls," and " rookeries" with the breeding-grounds of the 

 same, cannot fail to be noticed ; but this nomenclature has been given and 

 used by the English and American whalemen and sealing-parties for many 

 years, and the characteristic features of the seals suit the odd naming ex- 

 actly, so much so that I have felt satisfied to retain the stylo throughout as 

 rendering my description more intelligible, especially so to those who are en- 

 gaged in the business or may be hereafter. The Russians are more consist- 

 ent, but not so "pat." The bull is called "see-catch," a term implying 

 strength, vigor, ifcc; the cow, " matkah," or mother ; the pups, " kotickie," 

 or little seals; the non-breeding males, under six and seven years, " hollus- 

 chickie," or bachelors. Tbe name applied collectively to the fur-seal by 

 them is " morskie-kot," or sea-cat. 



