FAMILY BRUSn-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES. 97 



iu August and the butterflies of the second brood appear 

 tlie last week in August ; they have all or almost all gone 

 into winter quarters before October. 



There are two ver}^ distinct forms of this butterfly, one 

 (dryas) with the upper surface of the hind wings much 

 darker than the other (harrisii) ; most of the first brood are 

 of the former, most of the second of the latter, but not in- 

 variably. 



POLYGONIA INTERROGATIONIS.— THE VIOLET TIP. 



(Vanessa interrogationis, Grapta interrogationis, Grapta fabricii, 



Grapta iimbrosa.) 



Butterfly. — Middle of outer margin of fore wings scarcely 

 crenulate; tail of hind wings several times longer than broad; 

 under surface of same wings highly variegated with patches and 

 transverse stripes of various shades of ferruginous brown and 

 ochraceous in the male, nearly uniform reddish brown in the 

 female, in both with a central silver*reversed semicolon. Ex- 

 panse 2^-3 inches. 



Caterpillar. — Head lighter or darker brown, crowned by 

 moderately stout spines, the lateral spinules of which are emitted 

 from below the middle. Body spinous, castaneous, uniformly 

 flecked with light dots so distributed as to form longitudinal 

 faintly oblique stripes on each segment ; spines luteous or rufous. 

 Length nearly \^ inches. 



Chrysalis. — Various shades of w-ood-brown tinged with oliva- 

 ceous, with a fine web of brown in impressed lines, the tubercles 

 of the saddle nacreous; ocellar tubercles conical throughout, the 

 larger abdominal tubercles strikingly larger than the others, 

 mesothoracic tubercle quadrate as seen from the side. Length 

 nearly 1 inch. 



The bluish-green, barrel-shaped, ribbed eggs are laid on 

 the under surface of the leaves of the food-plant, either 

 singly or in columns of from three to eight, and hatch in 

 from three to eleven days according to the season. The 

 caterpillars feed upon Urticaceous jolants of which hop 

 and elm are the favorites, and also upon linden. They are 



