102 THE COMMONER BUTTERFLIES. 



twelve days. The butterfly is somewhat of a forest species 

 like the last, but not to so considerable a degree, is often 

 found in orchards, and is strangely attracted by a manure- 

 heap. It is a southern species having its northern limits 

 at just about the southern extension of the preceding 

 species. In the north it appears to be partly single-, joartly 

 double-brooded, some caterpillars from the first eggs of the 

 season going into their hibernacula when half grown, 

 others continuing to feed, changing to chrysalis and pro- 

 ducing a new brood of butterflies late in the season; these 

 lay eggs, the caterpillars from which enter their hiber- 

 nacula and in tlie next season develop into butterflies side 

 by side with those from the first brood. The butterflies of 

 the first brood appear in the northern part of their range, 

 i.e., in our district, about the middle of June, continue to 

 emerge from the chrysalis for a month and are still to be 

 seen early in August, about the middle of which month 

 the second, less abundant brood appears and flies through 

 September. 



In the South this butterfly is mimicked by the female 

 of Semnopsyclie diana. 



BASILARCHIA ARCHIPPUS— THE VICEROY. 



(Limenitis archippus, Limenitis misippus, Limenitis disippus ) 



Butterfly. — Wings orange with heavy black veins, a broad 

 black outer border enclosing a row of white spots (beneath, a 

 doable series of white lunules), a triangular black spot enclosing 

 two white spots and ending in a streak across the fore wings 

 beyond the middle, and, on tlie hind wings, a heavy, curved, 

 black, extramesial line. Expanse 3-3J inches. 



Caterpillar. — Head reddish brown, tuberculate, the summits 

 crowned with a large tubercle heavily denticulate at tip, the 

 principal tubercle behind it denticle-shaped, many times higher 

 than broad. Body naked, humped, and irregularly tuberculate, 

 dark olivaceous, often tinged with brownish yellow, and with a 

 cream-colored ragged-edged patch on top of middle abdominal 



