no THE COMMOXER BVTTEHFLIES. 



the base ; a premarginal series of unequal, mostly very large, 



black ocelli, beneath far more distinctly ocellate than above, and 



also there encircled with a common pale lilac loop. Expanse 2^ 



inches. 



Caterpillar. — Head yellowish green, the coronal tubercles 



moderately high, conical, red-tipped. Body naked, green, 

 sprinkled with very minute white papillae, with a dark green dor- 

 sal line and faint side stripes of yellow ; a distinctly constricted 

 neck and long caudal fork. Length 1\ inches. 



Clirysalis. — Green, lighter veutrally, the wing ridges creamy ; 

 liead acntangulate as seen from side ; abdomen with no longitu- 

 dinal ridges, the part beyond the wing-cases much shorter than 

 thev are. Length 4 inch. 



The smooth, subglobnlar, pure white eggs hatch in from 

 four to six days. The caterj^illar feeds on grasses and 

 hibernates when about half grown. The chrysalis hangs 

 for thirteen or fourteen days. The btitterily is a forest 

 species, very gamesome, and has the habit of pitching on 

 tree trunks, head downward. In tlie Xorth the butterfly 

 is sinofle-brooded, flvino' from the last of June to the first 

 of August: but in the Southern States it is probably double- 

 brooded, as it appears in West Virginia in the latter half of 

 May, and fresh specimens have been taken in August. 



22. Gexts Cercstoxis. 



CERCYONIS ALOPE— THE BLUE EYED GRAYLING. 



(Satyrus alope, Hipparchia alope, Minois alope.) 



Eutterfly. — Wings dark brown, nearly uniform above except 

 for a minute, generally blind, ocellus in the lower median inter- 

 space of the hind wings and a pair of distant large black ocelli 

 enclosed in a very broad premarginal yellow band nearly cross- 

 ing the fore wing. On the under surface the markings of the fore 

 wing are repeated, but the ocellus of the hind wings forms one 

 of a sinuous series of perfect ocelli ; while both wings, except the 

 yellow band, are traversed by short transverse dark threads. 

 Expanse 2i-2f inches. 



Caterpillar. — Head green, papillate, with no summit tubercles. 

 Body naked, finely pilose from minute papillae, green, with a faint 



